428 LXVII, UMBELLIFERZ. [Peucedanum 
p. 328 (1847), non Steganotenia araliacea Hochst. Alvardia 
arborea Fenzl in Flora 1844, p. 312, n. 494 ; Welw. Synopse Explic. 
p.10,n.19. P. araliacewm Vatke in Linnea xl. p. 188 (April 
1876); Engl., l.c., p. 321 partly (1892); var. frawinefolium Engl. 
Pflanzenw. Ost Afrik., C., p. 300 (1895); non Hiern in Oliv, Le., 
ii. p. 21. 
Sierra Leons.—A shrub, as tall as a man ; leaves clustered near 
the top of the branches. In wooded places between Freetown and the 
Sugar-loaf mountains ; without either fl. or fr. middle of Sept. 1853. 
No. 2516. 
GoLtunco ALTo.—A tree, 25 to 30 ft. high or sometimes even 
higher ; trunk 1 to 14 ft. in diameter at its base, with few or no 
branches in the lower part, with strict branches and curved-spreading 
branchlets in the upper part, both glaucous, the latter flowering ; 
wood white, rather soft, aromatic ; leaves dull-green ; general invo- 
lucre of the umbels many-leaved ; partial involucres deeply 5-cleft, 
with the segments a little unequal, lanceolate-acuminate ; .calyx-teeth 
5, ovate-triangular, acuminate ; petals yellow, ovate-elliptical, not 
clawed, concave, terminating in a spathulate involute lobe as long 
as the rest of the petal ; anthers yellow, the cells rather distant. In 
primitive forests throughout the district, mostly sporadic, either a 
shrub ora tree; in Sobato de Bango at Bumba; fl. June and July 
1855 ; at Bango Aquitamba, fr. Feb. 1856 ; Serra de Alto Queta, Aug. 
1855. Native name “ Calusange.” No. 2517. A stout tree ; trunk 
2 to 23 ft. in diameter at the base ; bark transversely corky-rugose ; 
wood white, resinous. Mata de Quisuculo ; fr. Sept. 1855. A medici- 
nal plant. Cou. Carp. 631. 
ZENZA DO GotuNGo.—A shrub, 14 to 3 ft. high; stem simple ; 
leaflets deeply toothed. On slopes with scattered shrubs on the way 
between Tanderachique and Tandambunde, sporadic and very scarce ; 
ripe fr. Sept. 1857. No. 2518. An arborescent shrub, with deciduous 
leaves. At Tanderaxique ; fr. Sept. 1854. Cox. Carp. 628. 
The true Calusange, from 15 to 30 ft. high or more, with a 
trunk 6 to 16 in. in diameter, occurs in all the primitive forests 
in the interior ; the leaves have a sweet and pleasant aroma, 
lasting a long time even in the dried leaves (see Welw. Synopse 
Explic. p. 10, n. 19, and Apont. p. 552 under n. 109). Welwitsch 
describes P. fraxinifolium as the queen of the Umbellifere in 
Angola, and indeed in tropical Africa, if not even in the whole 
world; it was becoming gradually scarce because the negroes 
used it everywhere as the most important remedy against chest 
complaints, asthma, etc., and it often occurred in a mutilated 
condition, as the negroes continually cut off the leaves and flowering 
umbels at the extremities of the branches to make plasters and 
concoctions ; the wood is white with rather a fine grain, but soft 
and very readily attacked by species of Bostrichus and other 
beetles; the tree produces between the wood and bark a layer of 
very aromatic resin, nearly } or + in. thick, not unlike gum 
galbanum. The majority of the specimens about Bango Aqui- 
tamba and Trombeta were from 12 to 15 ft., a few about 20 ft. 
high, with the trunk, a foot above the ground, of 6 to 9 in. in 
diameter; but, in the stony primeval forest extending almost 
