472, LXIX, RUBIACES. [Pentanisia 
long, oblong-lanceolate, rather obtuse, deep violet-blue; throat 
glabrous; stamens 5, exserted; filaments filiform, inserted at 
the throat; anthers linear-oblong; disk small, fleshy; ovary 
2-celled ; ovules solitary in each cell, attached near the apex,. 
pendulous ; style exserted, bifid, filiform, violet-coloured ; fruit 
ovoid, dicoccous, about 7, in. long; seed solitary in each cell, 
pendulous from near the apex some way down, soon free, minutely 
punctulate. 
Huiiisa.—In _ sparingly-herbaceous places, somewhat shady, in 
company with Elephantopus, in forests composed of species of Protea 
and Myrtacez, at the river Monino, along the road to Quilengues, 
abundant ; fl. and sparing fr. Feb. 1860. No. 5314. 
29. CANTHIUM Lam. Encycl. Meth. i. p. 602 (1783). 
Plectronia DC. ; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 110; non L. 
Plectronia L. is essentially a different genus; the character 
originally drawn up and published by Linnzus positively negatives 
an agreement with Canthium, and the specimen in his herbarium 
subscribed by his own hand with the name Plectronia ventosa is 
an Olinia. It is true that he associated with his plant a plate of 
a shrub in fruit figured by Burman and now considered as a 
Canthium, but Linneus had not seen the specimen, and gives 
the fruit-characters solely on the authority of Burman ; these 
characters, however, are quite immaterial for the purpose of the 
discrimination of the genus. Furthermore, Linnzus in describing 
his only species had regard exclusively to his own specimen, and 
although he quotes Burman’s plate, he entirely neglects it for the 
purpose of his definition. 
1. C. rhamnoides Hiern, sp. n. 
A bush, 8 ft. high, with the habit of a Rhamnus ; branches 
spiny, sub-sarmentose, divaricate, pallid, glabrate, sub-terete: 
branchlets pubescent, somewhat compressed towards the extremi- 
ties ; spines 7 to 4 in. long; leaves opposite, elliptical or some- 
what obovate, acuminate at the apex, unequally narrowed or 
obtuse at the base, papery-membranous, green and scattered with 
depressed hairs above, paler-green and pubescent with hairs 
scattered and more closely arranged along the nerves and veins 
beneath, 23 to 4 in. long by 1 to 2 in. broad; lateral veins 6 or 7 
on each side of the midrib, starting at about 35° with it, slender; 
petiole $ to } in. long, pubescent; stipules subulate-caudate from 
a broad base, pubescent, exceeding the petiole ; flowers greenish, 
pentamerous, on pubescent pedicels of 4 to + in. long, several 
together in axillary opposite subsessile globular cymes of 43 to 
13 in. in diameter ; calyx pubescent outside, the tube turbinate, 
small; the limb quinquepartite, the segments linear, ;3, to 35 in. 
long, glabrous inside; disk fleshy, cushion-shaped, glabrate or 
obsoletely puberulous; ovary 2-celled, fleshy; ovules solitary, 
pendulous ; young fruit subglabrate, obovoid or oblique, nearly 
2 in. long. 
