FUNGOUS DISEASES 361 



diseases that we have, growing as it does on all parts 

 of the vine, and in its early stages so difficult to dis- 

 tinguish. In its first stage of growth it presents minute 

 circular brown spots on the fruit and larger dark gray 

 or reddish-brown areas on the stems and leaves. Some 

 varieties are more subject to the attack of the anthrac- 

 nose than others, those containing European blood, i. e., 

 those originating from crosses of European and Amer- 

 ican varieties, being more likely to be attacked than 

 pure native seedlings like the Concord, etc. 



Remedy — Spraying with the bordeaux mixture be- 

 fore the leaves unfold and two or three times in May 

 and June, as per spraying calendars, is effectual in keep- 

 ing this disease in control. 



Blach Bot (Guignardia Bidwellii) — This disease is 

 called the black rot from the fact that the fruiting pus- 

 tules and the fruit, in its last stages of disease, are black, 

 though when it first appears it is grayish in color. In 

 the center of all the diseased spots, whether on the 

 leaves or fruit, may be found numerous black pustules 

 which contain the spores of the fungus. It appears 

 most abundantly and does the most injury when the 

 berries are nearly full grown. 



Remedy — Thorough spraying must be done 

 throughout the season to prevent injury when the dis- 

 ease has once become established. See spraying cal- 

 endar. 



Downy Mildew^ Brown Rot, Gray Bot (Peronospora 

 viticola) — The stems, leaves and fruit are attacked by 

 this fungus, which in moist, hot weather is likely to do 

 serious harm unless spraying is practiced. On its first 

 appearance the leaves are of a lighter green on the parts 

 attacked, which is soon followed by a whitish powder, 

 the spores of the fungus, that arc scattered by the wind 

 and are sure to grow when the weather is hot and 

 moist. Leaves, fruit and canes are subject to attack. 



