NOTES. 573 



Eadloff, the name taiga is also generally applied by the Kalmucks to 

 wooded and rocky mountain-land. 



Note 31, p. 135. — Extermination of the Beaver. 



Mr. Martin, in his eulogy of the beaver {Oastorologia, 1892), describes 

 the rapid diminution of numbers in Canada, largely as the result of 

 careless greed, but also through the spread of colonisation. He believes 

 that by the end of the century, none will be found except in museums. 

 Their rarity in Europe is well known. 



Note 32, p. 136. — Export of skins. 



Eadloflf notes, in 1884, that the yearly sale of furs at the Irbitsch fair 

 amounts to between three and four millions of roubles. 



Note 33, p. 144. — Velvet of antlers. 



An account of the various ways in which pounded antlers and the 

 vascular velvet were once used in medicine will be found in Prof. W. 

 Marshall's recent Arzenei-Kdstlein, Leipzig, 1894. 



Note 34, p. 14,1.— The Elk: 



The elk {Alces machlis) is the largest of the land animals of Europe, and 

 is the same as the " moose " of Canada. 



Note 35, p. 150.— Rouble. 



This varies from 3«. 8d. to 3s. lOc^., but is usually reckoned as 4s. Of 

 the kopeks, afterwards referred to, a hundred go to the rouble. 



Note 36, p. 161.— Brick Tea. 



Broken or powdered tea-leaves mixed with the blood of the sheep or ox, 

 and formed into cakes. Other fragrant leaves are sometimes added. 



Note 37, p. 165. — The Bear rearing her cubs. 



I have been unable to find any corroboration of this story as to the she- 

 bear employing her children of a former year as nurses. 



THE STEPPES OF INNEE AFEICA. 

 See— 



Selous, F. C. Travel and Adventure in South-East Africa (1893). 



Solymos, B. (B. E. Falkenberg). DeseH Life : Recollections of an Expedi- 

 tion in the Soudan. London, 1880. 



Fok, E. Mes grandes Chasses dans I'Afrique Gentrale. Paris, 1895. 



Lichtenstein, M. H. K. Reise im Sildlichen Africa. Berlin, 1812. 



G. Schweinfurth. The Heart of Africa. 



J. Thomson. Through Masai Land. 



Emin Pasha in Central Africa. Edited by Schweinfurth, Eatzel, Felkin, 

 and Hartlaub. London, 1885. 



Also well-known works by Livingstone, Stanley, &c. 



