■584 FROM NORTH POLE TO EQUATOR. 



J!Jote 77, p. 359. — Syenite. 



Syenite, a hard crystalline rock, resembling granite, and well adapted 

 for monuments. It is not known in Britain, but occurs in many parts of 

 Europe and America, as well as at the place to which it owes its name. 



JSTote 78, p. 362.— PAiZas. 



Philae has recently been a centre of attention in connection with the 

 Egyptian waterworks. See Sir Benjamin Baker, "Nile Reservoirs and 

 Philse ", Nineteenth Century, xxxv. (1894), pp. 863-72 ; J. P. MahaflFy, " The 

 Devastation of Nubia", pp. 1013-18; Prank Dillon, "The Submergence 

 of Philse", pp. 1019-25; H. D. Pearsall, "The Nile Reservoirs", Scottish 

 Geographioal Magazine (1895, August), pp. 393-402. 



Uote 79, p. 370. — Oovernmeiit of Egypt. 



The reader must bear in mind that Egypt has had a somewhat complex 

 political history since Brehm wrote. 



A JOURNEY IN SIBERIA. 



Note 80, p. Z^l.—Arehar Sheep. 



Archar or arkal is the Kirghiz name for the Mongolian argali {Ovis 

 ammon). The animal is almost as large as a donkey, has enormous horns 

 and short coarse hair. It is said to be now restricted to Northern Mon- 

 golia, and some districts of Southern Siberia. The Tibetan argali {Ovis 

 hodgsoni) is closely allied. See Sir V. Brooke, Froc. Zoological Society, 

 1875. 



Note 81, p. 412. — Splenic Fever. 



Anthrax or splenic fever . is a rapidly fatal disease due to a microbe. 

 Bacillus anthracis. This was demonstrated by Koch, and corroborated by 

 Pasteur. The latter discovered how to attenuate the virus, and secure 

 immunity by inoculation. Cattle, sheep, and reindeer are among the 

 commonest victims; but, as the narrative shows, man himself is not 

 exempt. 



THE HEATHEN OSTIAKS. 



Note 82, p. 426. — Present state of OstiaJcs, 



The Ostiak population was estimated in 1891 at about 27,000, and is 

 believed to be still decreasing. There is some interesting information 

 regarding them in Erman's Travels in Siberia. 



Note 83, p. 433. — Larvoe out of nostrils. 



The reindeer is excessively troubled by the attacks of several insects, 

 related to the bot-flies (CEstridee), which attack sheep, cattle, and horses 

 in this country. One lays its eggs in the skin, another in the nostrils, 



