xxxviii. 



4. Tarsus entirely feathered. 

 C. Under parts neither barred no 



1. Under parts not white. 



2. Under parts white. 



a. Tail square. 



b. Tail deeply forked. 



streaked. 



184. American Rough=legged Hawk. 



184. American Rough=Ies'a:ed Hawk. 



187. American Osprey. 

 175. Swallow=tailed Kite. 



Faviily 4. CaTharTidaU. Vultures. 



The two Vultures found in Ohio are scavengers of great service where they are at all numerous. 

 They feed upon all kinds of carrion and offal, even coming into the streets of towns to gather any 

 garbage which may be carelessly left by those who have contempt for modern sanitary conditions in 

 centers of population. In Ohio they are not so bold nor so numerous as to be very important 

 factors in carrion destruction. On tlie wing they are stately birds, going straight forward as well 

 as ascending with little or no flapping of the wings. They have mastered the art of utilizing cur- 

 rents of air for propulsion. 



I. Wing about 22 inches long. 188. Turkey Vulture. 



IT. Wing about 17 inches long. 189. Black Vulture. 



Order 7. COLUMB.^.. Wild Pigeon, Mourning Dove. 

 family. Co-lumbae. Pigeons and Doves. 



The two raemibers of this group are too well known to call for extended comment here. They 

 are largely grain eaters and weed seed eaters, and are arboreal in contrast to the grouse forms. The 

 small head and pointed tail form unmistakable field marks. 



I. Wing about 8 inches long. 190. Passenger Pigeon. 



II. Wing about 6 inches long. 191. Mourning Dove. 



Order 8. GALLIN^E. Grouse, Turkeys, Bob-white. 



Family 2. TetraonidaE. Grouse, Bob=white. 



It is, perhaps, needless to say that the members of this 'group are pretty strictly terrestrial. They 

 feed upon grains and nuts, but also eat some insects. They are prime game birds. 



I. Length about 10 inches. 



II. Length over 15 inches. 

 -A. Lower half of tarsus bare. 194- 

 B. Whole tarsus feathered. 195. 



196. Bob=white. 



Ruffed Qrouse. 

 Prairie Hen. 



Family i. Phasianidae. Pheasants and Turkeys. 



Of the two species of this group found in Ohio one, the Wild Turkey, is becoming extinct, and 

 the other, the Mongolian Pheasant, is just being introduced. The Wild Turkey is the noblest of 

 the game birds. 



I. Middle tail feathers much lengthened. 



II. Middle tail feathers not much lengthened. 



Order 9. PALUDICOL^. 

 Family i. Raeeidae. 



192. Mongolian Pheasant. 



193. Wild Turkey. 



Cranes, Rails, Coots, Gallinules. 

 Rails, Coot, Gallinules. 



To this group belong the swamp skulkers. The Coot sometimes takes to open water, often seem- 

 ing to prefer to feed there, but it nests in the swamp vegetation. It is difBcult to make the Rails 

 and Gallinules leave their reedy retreats. They are sure of safety among the reeds and sedges and 

 are loth to trust the open air. _They glean for food from lily pads and the surface of the water, as 

 well as in the mud and water. They eat insects and tadpoles, and probably .some vegetation. 

 I 



Wing over 6 inches. 



A. General plumage brown. 



B. General plumage purplish-blue. 



C. General plumage slaty-black. 



1. Toes with lobes ; shield on forehead white. 



2. Toes without lolaes; shield on forehead red. 



11. Wing under 5.50. 

 A. Wing under 3.50. 



1. Back blackish, barred with white. 



2. Back blackish, spotted with white. 



197. King Rail. 



202. Purple Gallinule. 



204. American Coot. 



203. Florida tiallinule. 



200. Yellow Rail. 



201. Black K.ail. 



