xlii. 



I. Length over 20 inches. 



II. Length under 16 inches. 



A. Length over 13 inches. 



1. Whfle top of head black. 



a. Bill wholly or mostly black, 

 (l). Outer tail feathers pure white. 270. 

 (2). Inner web of outer tail feather gray. 268. 

 (3). Tail forked for less than 2 inches. 266. 



b. Bill not black, 

 (i). Under parts pure white. 268. 

 (2). Under parts grayish. 269. 



2. Forehead or crown white or gray. 



a. Whole outer tail feather white. 270. 



b. Inner web of outer tail feather not white. 268. 



c. Outer web of outer tail feathers darker than inner269. 



web. 



B. Length under 11 inches. 



1. Under parts white. 271. 



2. Under parts black. 272. 



Order 13. ANSERES. Ducks, Geese, Swans. 

 Subfamily i. Merginae. Mergansers. 



To this group belong the "fish ducks" par excellence. They feed largely upon fish which they 

 are enabled to catch with their toothed, hawk-like bills. They dive readily and for considerable 

 distances, pursuing the fish under water. They are found about streams and considerable bodies of 

 water, some individuals of tne larger species remaining in the state during the winter where open 

 waters afford good feeding places, 



I. Length under 18 inches. A conspicuous hood. 309. Hooded Merganser. 



I I. Length over 21 inches. 

 A. Head and throat black. 



I. Under parts white, tinged with salmon. 



267. Caspian Tern. 



Roseate Tern. 

 Forster Tern. 

 Qull-billed Tern. 



Forster Tern. 

 Common Tern. 



Roseate Tern. 

 Forster Tern. 

 Common Tern. 



Least Tern. 

 Black Tern. 



2. Breast brownish, heavily streaked with black. 



B. Head and sides of neck rufous-brown. 



C. Head and sides of neck grayish-brown, washed with 



rufous. 



307. American Merganser. 



308. Red=breasted Merganser. 



307. American Merganser. 



308. Red=breasted Merganser. 



Stibfaniily 2. Anatinae. River and Pond Ducks. 



The members of this group may be known at once by the absence of a flap or lobe on the 

 hind toe. They feed in shallow water, immersing only part of the body, and hence are called 'Tio- 

 iips'. A feeding flock with heads down and tails in the air looks like the scoring end of a bowl- 

 ing alley. They take wing readily from the water. 



I. Length under 17.00 inches. 



A. Under parts chestnut-rufous. 



B. Under parts not chestnut-rufous. 



1. Lesser wing-coverts blui.'. 



2. Lesser wing-coverts gray. 



II. Length over 18.00 inches. 

 .\, Belly not conspicuously streaked or spotted. 



289. Cinnamon Teal. 



288. Blue->vinged Teal. 

 287. Qreen=winged Teal. 



r. Head shining dark green. 



2. Center of head white or whitish. 



3. Crown greenish, throat white. 



4. Crown buffy, throat blackish. 



5. Crown dark olive-brown. 



6. Crown finely streaked with black. 



a. Wing-coverts with chestnut. 



b. Wing coverts without chestnut, 

 d). Sides barred with black. 

 (2). Sides plain brown. 



(3). Sides spotted with black. 

 B. Bellv conspicuously marked, or chestnut. 

 T. Wing-coverts with white. 



a. Lesser wing-coverts bluish. 



b. Les,ser wing-coverts brownish-gray. 



281. Mallard. 

 286. Baldpate. 

 292. Wood Duck. 



285. Widgeon. 

 291. Pintail. 



284. Qadwall. 



291. Pintail. 



286. Baldpate. 

 284. Qadwall. 



290. Shoveller. 



