: Corylus 5 ia | 
Twigs brittle, the young shoots glandular pubescent, those of a year old glabrous 
and brown in colour, the bark of older shoots becoming corky. Leaves 3 to 5 
inches long by 2 to 4 inches wide, broadly oval, ovate, or obovate, deeply cordate 
at the base, acuminate at the apex, doubly serrate or with large serrate teeth, dark 
green above, lower surface lighter green and sparingly pubescent, with glandular 
hairs on the principal nerves and midrib; nerves usually eight pairs; petiole 4 to 
1 inch long, glandular pubescent or glabrescent. Catkins' 1} to 3 inches long. 
Fruits crowded, three to ten in number, long, compressed, pubescent towards the 
apex. Involucres tomentose with intermixed glandular hairs, deeply and irregularly 
divided into linear, acute, stiff, long-pointed segments, which are either entire or 
toothed, exceeding in length two to three times the nut. 
SEEDLING 
The germination resembles that of the oak,-the cotyledons, which are short- 
stalked, plano-convex and obovate, remaining in the seed and not being carried 
above ground. Caulicle stout, terete, tapering, ending in a long tap root with 
numerous branching fibres. Stem stout, terete, covered with numerous scattered 
glandular hairs, giving off an inch above the cotyledons a pair of opposite leaves, 
which are about 2 inches long, broadly ovate, acute at the apex, cordate at the 
base, with three to five pairs of lateral lobes, unequal in size, toothed and ciliate in 
margin; petiole 2? inch, glandular-pubescent. Succeeding leaves are alternate and 
larger in size. 
VARIETIES 
In addition to the typical form described above, several geographical varieties 
occur, as the species is distributed over a wide area. 
1. Var. glandulifera, A. de Candolle, Prod. xvi. 2, p. 132 (1864).—Occurs 
with the type in Europe and western Asia. In this variety the pubescence on the 
petioles, peduncles, and fruit-involucres is intermixed with glandular bristles; and 
the segments of the involucres are less acute and often dentate. 
2. Var. dacera, A. de Candolle, of. cet. 131 (Corylus lacera, Wallich, List, 2798). 
—Leaves obovate, larger, up to 7 inches long, with ten to twelve pairs of nerves. 
Involucre-segments linear-lanceolate with glandular hairs. This variety occurs in 
the western Himalayas, from Kashmir to Nepal, at elevations of 6000 to 10,000 
feet, and in many places is gregarious. Sir George Watt informs me that it is a 
handsome tree, usually growing in the mixed forests, and often attaining 80 feet in 
height. 
3. Var. chinensis, Burkill, Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) xxvi. 503 (1899) (Corylus 
chinensis, Franchet, Journ. de Bot. 1899, xiii. 197).—Leaves large, up to 7 inches 
long, with ten to twelve pairs of nerves, broadly ovate, unequal, acuminate ; petioles 
bristly. Involucres striate and constricted above the fruit, lobes forked, lobules 
1 Abnormal male flowers with enlarged bracteoles are figured in Gard. Chron, xxvi. 691, fig. 135 (1886). 
