Nothofagus Sec 
that of the European beech, and apparently suitable to take the place of the lower 
grades of mahogany in the manufacture of furniture. It cracks, however, badly in 
drying, and will require very careful seasoning. In the forests of Chillan (lat. 36°), 
XN. obligua grows up to 4000 or 5000 feet, being replaced at higher elevations by 
NV. antarctica and N. pumttio; and reaches its southern limit in the region of 
Lake Llanquihue. A photograph by Mr. Bartlett Calvert, who accompanied me 
on my journey, shows the appearance of this tree in the forest at about 3000 
feet, near the source of the Renaico River (Plate 156). Here the undergrowth is 
usually composed of a dense thicket of the Chilean bamboo (Chusguea sf.); and in 
the more open places the ground is often carpeted with a dense bed of Adstra-meria 
aurantiaca, whose brilliant orange flowers produce a most lovely effect. In the 
wetter ‘places it is associated with Drimys Wintert and many beautiful shrubs and 
herbaceous plants, of which Zucryphia pinnatifida, Embothrium coccineum, Tropaeolum 
spectosum, and several species of Fuchsia and Calceolaria are the choicest ornaments 
of our gardens in the warmer and damper parts of the south-west of England and 
Ireland. In many parts of the Chilean forests it is often covered with a lovely 
parasitic plant, MZyzodendron linearifolium, DC.,' which hangs in silvery masses from 
the branches. . 
Nothofagus Dombeyt is known to the Chileans by its Indian name of Cozgue, and 
is a large and common tree in Chile. It is usually associated with JV. od/gua, but 
does not extend so far to the northward, not being found to the north of the Maule 
river. It is widely spread in Araucania, Valdivia, and Llanquihue, and occurs also 
on the Argentine side of the frontier. It grows on the island of Chiloe, and has 
been collected on the river Aysen (lat. 45°); but its extreme southern limit is not 
accurately known. 
Nothofagus niteda, which has been much confused with VV. Doméeyz, is a common 
forest tree in the coast mountains of Valdivia, and grows on Chiloe and the 
Guaitecas Islands. The distribution of this species has not yet been satisfactorily 
determined. 
Nothofagus procera, known as Raul, is less common than JV. odligua, to 
which it is allied, and usually grows scattered in the forest. Its northerly limit lies 
between 35° and 36° lat., and it does not occur farther south than the province of 
Valdivia, where it becomes a stately tree. It does not cross the frontier into 
Argentina. 
Nothofagus antarctica is widely distributed, extending from about lat. 38° to 
Tierra del Fuego. It is the commonest species which I found on my tour at high 
elevations, both on the Chilean and Argentine sides of the frontier. It is associated 
with Araucaria at 4000 feet, and is common also in the plain of Valdivia in marshy 
situations. In the mountains around the great lake of Nahuelhuapi, the leaves of 
this species had already assumed their autumnal tint in February. V. antarctica and 
N. betuloides are the dominant trees in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego; and 
1 I found this species in the low country about Temuco in Chile, and also on the Argentine side of the frontier in two or 
three localities. Two other species also occur :—JZ oblongifolium, DC., which I found on Wothofagus antarctica, near the 
baths of Chillan at 5000 to 7000 feet elevation ; and AZ. punctulatum, DC., which I gathered on Wothofagus Dombeyt at Lake 
Meliquina, and in the dense evergreen forest which skirts the glaciers of the great Tronador mountain at 2000 feet in lat. 40°. 
III P 
