xl 
INTRODUCTION. 
which is sharply decurved, with an acute tip; nasal tubes moderately long, 
elevated, conspicuous, the dorsal outline straight, the orifice subcircular. 
Wings long and pointed, extending beyond the tail when folded ; the first 
quill a trifle longer than the second. Tail moderately long and graduated. 
Tarsi reticulated ; feet and front toes of moderate size ; hind toe small and 
elevated (p. 745). 
BuLWERIA, Bonaparte.—Bill about as long as the head, stout at the base, com- 
pressed, rising at the nail, which is large ; nostrils tubular, dorsal, rather 
short. Wings long, pointed, the first quill slightly the longest. Tail long 
and cuneate. Legs slender; the tibize bare for a short distance above the 
joint, the tarsi reticulated ; hind toe minute, elevated ; feet fully webbed, the 
inner toe shorter than the middle and outer toes, which are about equal ; claws 
curved (p. 749). 
FULMARUS, Stephens.—Bill not so long as the head ; the upper mandible com- 
posed of four portions, divided by lines or indentations, the whole together 
large and strong, curving suddenly towards the point; the under mandible 
grooved along each side, bent at the end, with a prominent angle beneath; 
the edges of both mandibles sharp; those of the lower mandible shutting 
just within those above. Nostrils prominent along the upper ridge of the 
upper mandible, but united, enclosed, and somewhat hidden within a tube 
with « single external orifice, within which the division between the two 
nasal openings is visible. Wings rather long, the first quill the longest in 
the wing. Tarsi compressed ; feet moderate, three toes in front united by 
membranes, hind toe rudimentary with a conical claw (p. 751). 
Family DIOMEDEID. 
Nostrils lateral, separated by the wide culmen, each in a separate horny sheath 
opening forwards ; margin of the sternum uneven, the sternum itself short com- 
pared with its width ; no pterygoid processes ; manubrium of furcula short, very 
wide at the base and widely divergent ; first primary the longest (Salvin). 
DioMEDEA, Lénneus.— Sides of the mandible without longitudinal sulcus ; base 
of the culminicorn wide, joining the proximal end of the dorsal edge of the 
latericorn ; tail short, rounded (p. 753). 
RemARKS.—In this Edition, the length of a bird is measured from the point of 
the bill to the end of the tail > and in all rt e 
cases average m 
3 ; Lge asurements are to be 
The upper mandible is often called the maxilla, and th 
tarso-metatarsus ; but I have adhered to old-fashioned terms 
e tarsus is strictly the 
