FRINGILLINA. 197 
THE SCARLET GROSBEAK. 
PYRRHULA ERYTHR{NA (Pallas). 
The Scarlet Grosbeak is an Eastern species which has noticeably 
extended its range in a westerly direction of late years, and on two 
occasions has been known to stray to England. The first instance 
on record was that of a female, captured on the downs near Brighton 
in September 1869, which subsequently lived until June 1876 in the 
aviary of Mr. T. J. Monk of Lewes, in whose collection it is now 
preserved. On October 5th 1870, another female, in the collection 
of the late Mr. F. Bond, was taken near Caen Wood, Hampstead. 
Other examples have probably occurred from time to time, and have 
been overlooked ; for young birds or females of this species might 
easily be mistaken for Greenfinches. 
As a straggler, the Scarlet Grosbeak has visited Finmark, South 
Sweden, Sylt, Schleswig, Heligoland, Holland, Belgium, France 
(especially Provence), the south of Spain (whence I possess a speci- 
men, killed on November 15th 1874, and have seen another), 
Austria, Italy and Malta. In North eastern Germany it is not un- 
common on migration, and on one occasion it has been known to 
nest in Silesia; but the western limits of its usual breeding-range 
appear to be Finland, the Baltic Provinces of Russia, East Prussia 
and Poland. Eastward, it nests throughout the marshy forests of 
