132 THE HAUNTS OF LIFE 
should like. In a general way the answer is 
that most of the deep-sea animals are derived 
from shore-animals that migrated gradually 
—following the drifting food and sea-dust— 
down the slope into the abysses. ‘There are 
no very ancient types in the Deep Sea; there 
are much more old-fashioned creatures in 
shallow water. It does not seem likely that 
any of the present-day deep-sea animals were 
established there before the Triassic Age. 
Many are probably much more recent. 
HUNGER AND LOVE IN THE DEEP SEA 
There can be no doubt that there is often 
very strict rationing in the Deep Sea. This 
is unmistakably shown by the enormous gape 
in many of the fishes, by the webbing of the 
arms in some cuttlefish to form a capacious 
funnel, by the big, soft mouth of sea-anemones, 
and by many other hints of hunger. 
But the other note is also sounded. The 
Challenger explorers found a sea-cucumber 
with its fully formed young ones attached to 
the skin all along the upper surface. There 
are numerous expressions of a kind of pa- 
rental care among brittle-stars, especially in 
