92 CENTEARCHID.E. 



North and East Coasts of Australia, and the islands of the Indian and 

 Pacific Oceans, some species being exclusively marine, others occurring 

 principally in fresh and brackish waters, 



1. KUHLIA. 



Ihdes, part., Cuv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. iii. p. Ill (1829) ; Gunth. Cut. Fish. i. 



p. 266 (1859). 

 KuUm, Gill, Proc. Ac. Pliilad. 1861, p. 48 ; Bouleng. Cat. Fish. i. p. 35 (1895). 

 Jlloronopsis, Gill, op. cit. 1863, p. 82. 



Boulengerina (non Dollo), H. AV. Fowler, Proc. Ac. Philad. Iviii. 1906, p. 512. 

 Safole, JorJ. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlii. 1912, p. 655. 



Body oblong, strongly compressed ; scales moderate or large, ciliated ; 

 lateral line complete. Mouth large, protractile ; maxillary exposed, 

 Avithout supplemental bone ; teeth in jaws in villiform bands; teeth on 

 vomer, palatines, entopterygoids, and ectopterygoids ; prseorbital and 

 prseoperculum denticulate ; operculum with two spines. 6 branchiostegal 

 rays ; pseudobranchite large. Dorsal with 10 spines, anal with 3, both 

 fins with a scaly sheath at the base. Vertebrse 25 (10-11 -(-14-15). 



3 or 4 species appear to be represented in African fresh waters. It 

 is doubtful whether K. tceniiira should be included, as, in the South 

 Pacific, its habitat is believed to be confined to the sea, about reefs. 



Synopsis of the Species. 



I. 40-45 scales in lateral line ; middle rays 

 of caudal f to | length of outer; 17-18 

 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch ; 

 body spotted 1. K. rupestris, Lacep., p. 93. 



II. 50-56 scales in lateral line ; middle rays o£ caudal less than | length of 

 outer ; 23-28 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch ; body not spotted. 



A. 9-11 soft rays in dorsal, 10-11 in anal ; length of head 2^ to 'i\ times in 



total length. 

 Base of anal not or but slightly longer than its 



distance from caudal, which bears five black 



bands, one in the middle and two on each 



lobe 2. if. tortiwra, C. & v., p. 95. 



Base of anal considerably longer than its distance 



from caudal, which has a blackish posterior 



edge 3. A', malo, G. & V., p. 96. 



B. 11-13 soft rays in dorsal, 12-13 in anal ; 



length of head ISJ to 4 times in total [p. 98. 



leiioth ... . . ... 4. A', ramloritfafa, Lacep., 



