116 



SCI^E^^lDJi:. 



bands, some or all of the outer more or less enlarged but not canine-like. 

 Preeoperculum serrated; no opercular spines. 7 branchiostegal rays. 

 Two dorsals, connected at the base, the first not more than half as long 

 as the second and Avith 9 or 10 spines ; anal short, with 2 spines. 

 Ventrals below base of pectorals, with basal scaly process. Vertebrae 

 24-25(10 + 14-15)*. 



Mediterranean, Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, several species 

 entering rivers. 



1. CORVINA NIGRITA. 

 Cuv. & Val. Hist. Pois3. V. p. 103 (1830) ; Giiiith. Cat. Fish. ii. p. 297 (1860), 

 and Ann. & Mag. N. H. (3) xvi. 18G5, p. 49 ; Steind. SHzb. Ak. Wien, Ix. i. 

 1869, p. 692, pi. viii. ; Pellegr. Bull. Soc. Philom. (9) ix. 1907, p. 35. 

 Corvina davigera, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 101. 



Depth of body ^ to 3f times in total length, length of head 3| to 4 

 times. Snout and nape with convex profile ; snout projecting a little 



Fig. 87. 



Corvina nir/rita. 

 Senegal, after Steindachner (I. c). 3. 



beyond lower jaw, as long as eye (shorter in young) ; eye 3 (young) to 

 4^ times in length of head, nearly equal to interorbital width ; maxillary 

 extending to below posterior third or posterior border of eye ; head 

 covered with scales, except on the lips. Gill-rakers as long as or a little 



* On the bony swellings sometimes present at the base of the dorsal and anal spines, 

 cf. Guuther, Ann. & Mag. X. H. (3) xvi. 1865, p. 48. 



