80 



yellowish patch under the head. Rump yellowish-white, bordered by a 

 dusky band, which extends down the posterior face of the hind-legs; 

 winter colors more gray. 



The Elk ranges in northern latitudes from the Atlantic to the Pacific. 

 Northward, it extends, according to Richardson, as far as the 57th par- 

 allel. Baird remarks (1^57) that the only well- ascertained eastern locali- 

 ties are the Allegheny regions of Pennsylvania and Virginia ; the fact 

 of its occurrence in New York being very uncertain. It is still found 

 in the vicinity of Green Bay, Wisconsin (B. H. Van Vleck), in Minnesota, 

 the Yellowstone region, and west. Their occurrence in Ohio, and also 

 their comparative abundance, is attested by their remains and by authentic 

 parties. From " History of Ohio," by C. Atwater, 1838, 1 quote : " When 

 Circleville was first settled the carcasses, or rather skeletons, of fifty in- 

 dividuals of the family of Elk lay scattered about on the surface." Also, 

 by same author : " We had an abundance of Deer, and they are common 

 yet in the newer parts of the State. They are the common Red Deer." 



The prevalence of Elk is noticed in 1760, in what is now Clark county. 

 "Historical Collections of Ohio," by Henry Howe, Cin., 1848," Also, 

 in the History of State of Ohio, Taylor, 1854, Journal of Maj. John 

 Rogers, Jan.,' 1761, is found: "Killed in our march this day three beara 

 and two elk." (Voyage along Coast of Lake Erie.) 



As to their extermination the following is taken : " A History of 

 Athens County, Ohio— Walker, 1869," page 112 : ." The buffalo and elk 

 were not exterminated until about the year 1800." 



Hildreth states that ''the Indians had not quite exterminated the 

 buffalo and the elk," (1797.) 



And from Dr. Kirtland's Report on Mammals, in Geol. Survey of Ohio, 

 1838: "The Elk was frequently to be met with in Ashtabula county 

 until within the last six years. I learn from Col. Harper, of that county, 

 that one was killed there aa recently as October of the present season." 



