109 



Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., xiii, 1870, 188 (Iowa). — Gray, Ann. and 

 Mag. Nat. Hist., 3d ser., xx, 1867, 426 (vars. "major" et "niger"). 



1830. Sciurus leucotis, Gapper, Zool. Journ., v, 1830, 206, pi. xi (based on 

 Canada specimens). — Bachman, Proc Zool. Soc. Lond., 1838, 

 96 ; Charlesworth's Mag. Nat. Hist., iii, 1839, 335 ; Amer. Journ. 

 Sci. and Arts, xxxvii, 1839, 298.^ — Emmons, Quad. Mass.,, 1840, 

 66 — DeKay, New York Zool., i, 1842, 57, pi. xviii, fig. 1.— 

 Wagner, Suppl-. Schreber's Saugt., iii, 1843, 160. — Schinz, Synop. 

 Mam., ii, 1845, 8. 



1842. Sciurus vulpinus, DeKay, N. Y. Zool., 1842, 59 (winter pelage). 



1849. Sciurus migratorius, Aud. & Bach., Quad. N. Amer., i, 1849, 265, pi. 

 XXXV. — Kennicott, U. S. Patent Office Rep., Agr., for 1856-57, 

 62, pi. vi.— Adams, Field and Forest Rambles, 1873, 296 (west- 

 ern and south-western parts of New Brunswick). 



1874. Sciurus carolinensis var. levMtis, Allen, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 

 xvii, 1874, 287; Mon. N. A. Rodentia, 1877, 700. 



Description. — The Northern Gray Squirrel, varies in length of body, 

 from nine to eleven and one-half inches, average length ten and one-half 

 inches ; tail vertebraj, eight inches, varying from seven to nine; tail to end 

 of hairs eleven and one-half, varying from ten to twelve and one-half 

 inches. It is whitish-gray above, with a dorsal area and lateral line 

 brownish-yellow, with a more or less fulvous suffusion beneath the sur- 

 face of the pelage, which shows somewhat through the surface tints; 

 beneath, white. Varies through dusky and annulated phases to i'btense 

 glossy-black. Tail with the hairs yellowish-brown basally, with narrow, 

 black annulations, and a broad, conspicuous sub-terminal black bar, the 

 hairs all broadly tipped with white, giving a white surface tint, through 

 which the colors above mentioned may be seen. Ears not tufted, with 

 or without a conspicuous woolly tuft of white at the base posteriorly. 



The above characters separate var. leucotis from carolinensis, the Southern 

 Gray Squirrel, which is smaller and has the general color of dorsal sur- 

 face yellowish-brown, instead of whitish-gray. 



The general colors above, give, in var. leucotis, a whitish-gray tint, 

 especially marked northward and in winter specimens; while the 

 general color above, of var. carolinensis, is mixed yellowish-brown and 

 black. 



Tne dusky phases of carolinensis are local in their occurrence, often 

 wholly unknown over wide areas ; they occur more frequently near the 

 Great Lakes than further southward. Where the pure black phase oc- 

 curs, usually every intermediate stage may be found, from the ordinary 

 type to the glossy-black. 



