BOHEMIAN WAXWING. " 295 



A narrow frontal line, and broader bar through the eye, with the chin and throat, 

 sooty-blaols, not sharply bordered with white. No yellowish on belly. Under tail 

 coverts orange-browa, or chestnut. Tail ash, deepening to blackish-ash towards the 

 end, broadly tipped with rich yellow. Wings aahy-blackish; primaries tipped (chiefly 

 on the outer webs) with sharp spaces of yellow, or white, or both; secondaries with 

 white spaces at the ends of the outer webs, the shafts usually ending with enlarged, 

 horny, red appendages. Primary coverts tipped with white. Bill black shplumbeous, 

 often paler at base below. Feet black. Sexes alike. Lengt^i, 7 or 8 inches; wing, 

 about 4J; tail, 2^. 



Habitat, northerly portions of the Northern Hemisphere. In America, south regu- 

 larly to the northern tier of States, and in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado ; irregn- 

 larly or casually to about 35°. (Pennsylvauia, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Kansas, New 

 Mexico and Arizona.) 



Winter visitor in Northern Ohio only. Dr. Kirtland's account (1. c, 

 quoted on page 217) is the first record of their appearance in the State, 

 though not the first of their capture within the United States. He after- 

 wards states (1. c, 1852, quoted on page 193) that they visit the vicinity 

 of Cleveland, ''almost every winter, and sometimes in large flocks." I 

 am indebted to Mr. Langdon for the following, from Proc. Bost. See. Nat. 

 Hist, ii, 1845, 52, Aug. 6 : 



Dr. D. H. Storer mentioned that he had received a letter from Prof. J. P. Kirtlacd, of 

 Cleveland, Ohio, da'ed July 17, 184'), mentioning some facts which might be interesting 

 to ornithologists. At the date of the letter, flocks of Pine Finch, Fringilla pitiea, were 

 flying about his garden, and also the Bohemian Waxwing, Bombycilla gairula, thirty 

 or forty specimens of which had been taken. 



In 1860 (1. c. Ohio Farmer, quoted under Hesperiphona), Dr. Kirtland 

 again mentions their occurrence, and says they are attracted by the 

 berries of the mountain ash and red cedar, and fruit of the persimmon. 

 Mr. Kirkpatrick adds the berries of the hawthorn to their bill of fare 

 Mr. Read repeats the statement that they are present nearly every year. 

 Dr. Coues (1. c. Birds of Col. Val.) mentions their casual occurrence in 

 severe winters in Southern Ohio, which I have not been able to verify. 



This bird is known everywhere as a wanderer. Only in a few instances 

 have its breeding places been discovered. In this country its nest han 

 been tound by Mr. Kennicott'on the Yukon, and by Mr. McFarlane on 

 the Anderson River. Dr. Coues (1. c.,) says: 



"The bird undoubtedly nests in the United States. While in the Rooky Mountains, 

 at latitude 49°, I secured a newly fledged bird, so young that there is no reasonable 

 doubt that it was bred in the vicinity. The specimen was shot in thick coniferous 

 woods, at an attitude of about 4,200 feet, on the 19th of August, 1874. No migration 

 had been begun at the time, and no other individuals were observed, as would likely 

 have been the case had they been roving away from their summer home." 



"The egg obtained by Kennicott on the Yukon is smaller than the European speci- 



