LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE. 309 



and streaked with blotches of obscure-purple, clay- color, and rufous- 

 brown." 



Lanius ludovicianus Linnaeus. 



var. LUDOVICIANUS Cs. 



Loggerlieaci SlLrll^e. 



Collyrio ludovieianus, Wheaton, Reprint Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1860, 1861, 21, (probable). 

 Collarw ludovieianus, Wheaton, in Cones' Birds of N. W., 1874, 233 ; Food of Birds, etc., 



Ohio Agrio. Rep. for 1874, 065; Reprint, 1875, 5.— Langdon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 



8; Jonrn. Cin. Soo. Nat. Hist., i, 1878, 114; Reprint, 8. 

 CoUurio ludovieianus, var. ludovidanus, Langdon, Revised List, Jonrn. Cin. Sec. Nat. 



Hist., i, 1879, 174; Reprint, 8; Bull. Nntt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 120. 

 Lanius ludovieianus, -vav.. ludovieianus, COUES, Birds of Col. Val , i, 1878, 563, 



Lanius ludovieianus, Brisson, Orn., ii, 1760, 162 (not binomial). — LiNNiEUS, Syst. Nat., i, 



1766, 134. 

 Collyrio ludovieianus, Baird, Birds N. Am., 1858, 325. 

 CoUurio ludovieianus, Baird, Rev. N. A. Birds, 1866, 443. 



Slate colored, slightly whitish on the rump and scapulars ; below, white, with a few 

 obscure wavy black lines, or none; black bar on one side of the head, meeting its fellow 

 across the forehead, not interrupted by white on under eyelid, and scarcely or not bor- 

 dered above by hoary white ; otherwise like horealis in color, but smaller ; 8-8J ; wing, 

 about 4 ; tail rather more. 



Habitat, South Atlantic and Gulf States; north to Mississippi and Ohio Valley, and 

 recently (?) extending to New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and even Maine. 

 California. 



Common suinmer resident in Middle, less common in Northern and 

 Southern Ohio. Arrives during the first week in March, noted March 

 4th for several consecutive years, and remains until September. First 

 ascertained to occur in Ohio by njyself in 1874, a female specimen, taken 

 May 31, 1873, on which my note in Coues' Birds of the Northwest was in 

 part based, proving a nearly typical specimen of this variety. Her 

 mate was an equally well marked individual of var excuhiior aides. Since 

 then it has continued to be our commonest bird of the family. Mr. 

 Langdon gave it as rare in 1877, mentions its increasing numbers and 

 breeding in 1878, and considers it an uncommon resident in 1879. 



The recognized range of this species has changed greatly within a 

 few years. As late as 1874, the highest authorities confined it to the 

 Southern States, though it had previously been noted in Illinois by 

 Holder in 1861, and in Wisconsin by Dr. Hoy in 1853, who also includes 

 excubitoroides in his list. Since then the species, especially this variety, 

 seems to have vastly extended eastward, having been found in most of 

 the above named States breeding. 



The habits cf the Loggerhead are essentially the same as those of the 



