WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW. 33V 



and purer on the breast ; bill dark ; feet pale. Female and immature birds with the 

 black of head reijlaced by brown, the white of throat less conspicuously contrasted with 

 the duller ash of surrounding parts, and frequently with obscure dnsky streaks on the 

 breast and sides. Lsngtb, CJ-T^; wings aod tail each about 3. 



Habitat, Eastern Province of North America; north to Hb'^; west to the Indian Terri- 

 tory, Kansas, and Dakota. 



Abundant and regular spring and fall migrant in April and May, Sep- 

 tember to November. Frequents woodland undergrowth and the banks 

 of streams, and is generally seen in scattered flocks. In the spring the 

 males arrive several days before the female?, and disappear sooner. Late 

 in spring many females are seen considerably streaked below; these are 

 probably young birds. Dr. Kirtland mentions their remaining in North- 

 ern Ohio throughout the month of June, but they have never been known 

 to breed with us. Mr. Merriam has discovered it breeding in the Adir- 

 ondack region, Northern New York, while Mr. E. A. Mearns gives it as 

 a regular winter resident in the lower Hudson River Valley. 



In some sections, this Sparrow, which is one of the largest of the 

 streaked Sparrows, is known as the Peabody Bird, from its clear but 

 somewhat drawling notes, which strikingly resemble the syllables 

 pe-d-body, pe-6rbody, dbody, d body, dbody. It is a tolerably regular visitor 

 in spring in gardens of the city, where its song is sometimes heard at 

 night. Its call note is a lisping tseep. 



The nest is built upon the ground; it is composed of moss and grass, 

 lined with fine grass, rootlets, hair, and a few feathers. The eggs vary 

 from four to seven. They are of a pale-greenish color, more or less 

 thickly spotted with rusty-brown, and measure .90 by .68. 



ZoNOTEICHIA LEUCOPHEYS (Forst.) Sw. 

 "VVhite-crowned. Sparrow. 



Fringilla lencoplmjs, AuDunON, Orn. Biog , ii, 1834, 88; B. Am., iii, 1841, 159.— Kirt- 

 land, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 164, 183.— Read, Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., vi, 

 1853, 395. 



ZonotrivMa Uwcophrys, Baiud, P, E. R. Rep., ix, 1858, 460.— Wheaton, Ohio Agric. Rep. 

 for I860, 366; Reprint, 1861, 8; Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agrio. Rep. for 1874, 566; 

 Reprint, 1875, 6.— Baikd, Bebwek and Ridgway, N. A. Birds, i, 1874, 568.— Lawg- 

 DON, Cat. Birds of Gin., 1877, 9 ; Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1878, 114 ; Reprint, 

 0; Revised List, Journ, Cin. Soc, Nat. Hisrt., i, 1879, 175; Reprint, 9. 



White-crowned Finch, Kirtland, Fam. Visitor, 1850, 148, 161. 



Emberha kncophrys, Foestbr, Philos. Tr., Ixii, 1772, 382, 403, 426. 



Fringilla leueoplirys, Bonaparte, Syn., 1828, 107. 



Fringilla (Zonolricliia) lexicoplirys, Swainson and Richakdson, Fn. Bor.-Am., ii, 1831, 255. 



ZonotriMa leucophrys, Bonaparte, List, 1838, 32. 



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