434 BIRDS — FALCONID^. 



Gbnus HALIAETUS. Savigny. 

 Tarsus naked, soatellate in front ; other geneiio characters much aa in Aquila. 



Haliaetus LEUC0CEPHALU3 (L.) Savigny. 



"Wliite-lieaded !E!agle; Bald ICagle. 



Falco leucoeephalm, Wilson, Am. Orn., iv, 1812, 890. — Kirtland, Ohio Geolog. Surv,, 

 1838, 161, 178.— Read, Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci,, vi, 1853, 395 ; Fam. Visitor, iij, 

 1852, 252. 



Falco wasMngtonianM, Kirtland, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 161, 178. 



Falco wasMngtonii, Bead, Proc. Phila. Acad., vi, 1853, 395. 



Haliaetus wasMngtonii, Ebad, Fam. Visitor, iii, 1852, 244. — Kirkpatrick, Ohio Farmer, 

 vii, 1858, 83 ; Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1858, 1859, 366.— Whbaton, Ohio Agric. Rep. for 

 1860, 1861, 361; Reprint, 6. 



SalUietus leucocephalus, Kirkpatrick, Ohio Parmer, vii, 1858, 75 ; Ohio Agric. Rep. for 

 1858, 1859, 366.— Whbaton, Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1860, 1861, 361 ; Reprint, 3 ; Food 

 of Birds, etc., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 1875, 570 ; Reprint, 10 — Langdon, Cat. 

 Birds of Gin., 1877, 13; Revised List, Journ. Cin. Soo. Nat. Hist., i, 1879, 180; Re- 

 print, 14 ; Sammer Birds, ib., iii, 1880, 226 ; Field Notes, ib., ii, 1880, 126. 



Washington Eagle, Kirtland, Fam. Visitor, i, 1850, 1, 15. 



Bald Eagle, Kirtland, Fam. Visitor, i, 1850, 15, 148. — Ballou, Field and Forest, iii, 

 1878, 136. 



Falco leucocephalus, LiNN.a;us, Syst. Nat., i, 1766, 124. 

 Saliaetus leucocephalus, Savigny. 



Falco washingioniana, Atjdubon, Loudon's Mag., i, 1828, 115. 

 Falco wasMngtonii, Aodtjbon, Orn. Biog , i, 1831, 58. 

 Haliaetus loashingtonii, Bonaparte, List, 1838, 3. 



Dark-brown ; head and tail white after the third year ; before this, these parts like 

 the rest of the plumage. Abont the size of the last species. Immature birds average 

 larger than adults. 



Habitat, the whole of North America. Greenland. Casual in Europe. 



Common and resident in some localities, irregular winter visitor or 

 migrant in others. The American or White-headed Eagle is most abun- 

 dant near large bodies of water, and is more common on the Lake Shore 

 than in other portions of the State. Wilson gives the following account 

 of his observations of them in the State : 



"In one of those partial migrations of tree squirrels that sometimes takes place in our 

 western forests, many thousands of them were drowned in attempting to cross the Ohio ; 

 and at a certain place, not far from Wheeling, a prodigious number of their dead bodies 

 were floated to the shore by an eddy. Here the Vultures assembled in great force, and 

 had regaled themselves for sometime, when a Bald Eagle made his appearance, and took 

 sole posseesien of the premises, keeping the whole Vultures at their proper distance foi 

 several days. He has also been seen navigating the same river on a floating carrion, 

 thongh scarcely raised above the surface of the water, and tugging at the carcass, re- 

 gardless of snags, sawyers, planters, or shallows. He sometimes carries his tyranny to 

 .great extremes against the Vultures. In hard times, when food happens to be scarce, 



