442 BIRDS — COLUMBIDuE. 



On several occasions we have been favored witli a general migration 

 of these birds, when they have appeared, as described by Wilson, in "con- 

 gregated millions." This was the case in 1854, when the light of the 

 sun was perceptably obscured by the immense, unbroken, and apparently 

 limitless flock which for several hours passed over this city. In the fall 

 of 1859 I witnessed a similar migration near Granville, Licking county, 

 since which time the birds have been much less numerous. On this oc- 

 casion I had an opportunity of observing a large flock while feed- 

 ing. The flock, after a little circling by the foremost ranks, alighted 

 upon the ground, presenting a front of over a quarter of a mile, with a 

 depth of nearly a hundred yards. In a very few moments those in the 

 rear, finding the ground already stripped of mast, arose above the tree 

 tops and alighted in front of the advance column. This movement soon 

 became continuous and uniform, birds from the rear flying to the front so 

 rapidly that the whole presented the appearance of a rolling cylinder 

 having a diameter of about fifty yards, its interior filled with flying leaves 

 and grass. The noise was deafening and the sight confusing to the mind. 



During the last ten years Pigeons have appeared irregularly, but 

 usually in spring and fall, in small flocks. Sometimes these linger about 

 swampy woodlands for several days. Possibly they may breed in 

 detached parties, but no such instance is known to me. 



The Wild Pigeon breeds in vast communities. The nest of sticks is 

 placed in a small tree ; the eggs, two, pure white, measure 1.45 by 1.05. 



Genus ZEN.ffiDUKA. Bonaparte. 



Tarsi stout, longer than lateral toes, bare of feathers ; inner toe longer than outer ; 

 tail of 14 feathers, long, graduated ; 2d primary longest. Circum-orbital space naked. 



Zen^duea oaeolinensib (L.) Bp. 



Carolina Uove, 



Columba caroUnensis, Kiktlanb, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 164, — Read, Proc. Phila. Acad. 

 Nat. Soi,, vi, 1853, 395. 



Zenaidura caroUnensis, Baird, P. E. E. Eep., vol. ix, 1858, 605. — Wheaton, Ohio Agrio. 

 Eep. for 1860, 367 ; Reprint, 1861, 9.— Langdon, Cat. Birds of Gin., 1877, 13 ; Jour. 

 Gin. Soo. Nat. Hist., i, 1878, 116 ; Eeprint, 7 ; Bevised List, Journ. Gin. Soo. Nat. 

 Hist, i, 1879, 181 ; Eeprint, 15. 



Zencedura caroUnensis, Wheaton, Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agrio. Eep. for 1874, 571 ; Ee- 

 print, 1875, 11.— Langdon, Summer Birds, ib., iii, 1880, 226. 



Garolina Dove, Baixotj, Field and Forest, iii, 1878, 136. 



Columta caroUnensis LiNN^us, Sjst. Nat., i, 1766, 286. 

 Zenaidura caroUnensis, Bonaparte, Consp., ii, 1854, 84. 



