POCHARD. 531 



FuUgula collaris, Wheaton, Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agrio. Eep. for 1874, 574 ; Eeprint, 

 1875, 14.— Langdon, Cat. Birds of Gin., 1877, 17; Revised List, Joum. Cin. Soo. Nat. 

 Hist., i, 1879, 185 ; Eeprint, 20, 



Alias collaria, Donovan, Br. Birds, vi. 

 FuUgula rufitorques, Bonaparte, Syn., 1828, 393. 

 FuUgula collaris, Bonapaktk, List Eur. Birds, 1842. 

 Falix collaris, Baikd, Birds N. Am., 1858, 792. 



Similar to the foregoing, bnt an orange-brown ring round the neck ; specnlnm gray ; 

 back nearly nniform blackish ; bill black, pale at base and near tip j female with head 

 and neck brown, and no collar, but loral space and chin whitish, as is a ring round eye; 

 bill plain dusky. In size between the foregoing. 



Habitat, North America, breeding far north, wintering In the United States and beyond. 

 South to Cuba. Jamaica. Accidental in Europe, 



Abundant spring and fall migrant, but less regular in great numbers 

 than the preceding. Frequents the same localities and has the same 

 habits. 



Snb-genuB Aythya. Bill narrower, longer than inner toe ; the nostrils nearer middle. 

 PULIGULA FEKINA (L.) Sw. 



var. AMERICANA (Eyton) Coues. 



Ked-liead. : focliard, 



FuUgula ferima, Kirtland, Prelim. Eep. Ohio Oeolog. Surv., 1838, 67 ; OhioGeolog, Surv., 

 1838, 166, 187.— AUDTJBON, Orn. Biog,, iv., 1838, 197; B. Am,, vi, 1843, 311. 



Aythya americana, Whbaton, Ohio Agrio. Eep. for 1860, 370 ; Eeprint, 1861, 12. 



FuUgula ferina, var. americana, Wheaton, Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 

 574; Eeprint, 1875, 14.— Langdon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 17; Bevised List, Joum, 

 Cin, Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1879, 186 ; Eeprint, 20 ; Summer Birds, ib., iii, 1880, 228, 



Pochard, Kirtland, Fam, Visitor, i, 1850, 72, 



FuUgula fervna, Bonaparte, Syn,, 1828, 392, 

 FuUgula americana, Eyton, Monog. Anat., 1838. 

 Aythya americama, Bonaparte, Comp, Eend., 1858, 

 FuUgula ferina, var. americana, CouES, Key, 1872, 289, 



Bill dull blue with a black belt at end, broad and depressed, shorter than head (2 

 or less) the nostrils within its basal half ; color of head rich, pure chestnut, with bronzy 

 or red reflections, in the female, plain brown ; body anteriorly, rump and tail coverts 

 black, in the female dark-brown, back, scapulars and sides plnmbeons-white, finely 

 waved with unbroken black lines, less distinct in the female ; speculum, bluish-ash, 

 Leugth, about 20 ; wing, 9-10 ; tarsus, 1§-14. 



Habitat, North America, but more particularly Eastern North America, Breeds in the 

 Pur countries, Bahamas. 



Common spring and fall migrant on the lake and reservoirs ; less com- 

 mon on the rivers and ponds, where usually seen singly or in pairs in 

 company with Ring-necks and Black-heads or Widgeons. Frequently 

 confounded with the following species. 



