GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL. 647 



faint shade of the same, the quills and tail often imperfectly barred with the same ; bill 

 greenish-yellow. Length, about 24 (rather less than more); wing, 16-17; bill, IJ-S; 

 tarsus, 2-2^. 



Habitat, Northern and Arctic seas, circnmpolar; south in winter on the Atlantic coast 

 to Long Itiand. 



Rare winter visitor on Lake Erie. Mr, Winslow states that two or three 

 specimens have been taken in Cleveland harbor. Mr. Nelson gives it as 

 a regular and not uncommon winter visitor on Lake Michigan. 



Note. — The Glaucous Gull (L. glaucus) may occur in winter on the Lake. Mr. Nelson 

 states that three specimens have been taken and others seen on Lake Michigan, by Dr. 

 Hoy. It is extremely similar to L. leucopierua, but larger, length, 30 ; wing, 18^. 



Laeus maeinus Linnaeus. 



Grreat Blacli-baclrecl Grull. 



Larus marinus, Audubon, Cm. Biog., iii, 1835, 98 ; B. Am., vii, 1844, 152, 181.— Kikt- 

 LAND, Ohio Geolog. Snrv., 1838, 166, 185.— Whbaton, Ohio Agrio. Kep. for 1860, 370, 

 379; Ecprint, 1861, 12, 20; Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agric. Eep. for 1874, 575; Re- 

 print, 1875, 15. — Langdon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 18 ; Kevised List, Journ. Cin. 

 Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1879, 189 ; Reprint, 23. 



Larus marinus, Linn^us, Syst. Nat,, i, 1766, 225. 



Feet flesb-colored ; bill yellow with red spot. Mantle blackish slate-colored; first 

 primaiy with the end white for 2-3 inches; second primary with a white snb-apical 

 spot, and, like the remaining ones that are crossed with black, having the tip white 

 (when not quite mature, the first, with small white tip and sub-apical spot, the second 

 with white tip alone). In winter, head and neck streaked with dusky, Young : — Whit- 

 ish, variously washed, mottled and patched with brown or dusky ; quills and tail black, 

 with or without white tips ; bill black. Very large ; length, 30 inches; wing, 18J ; bill 

 above 2^. 



Habit.it, Auaerioan and European coast of the Atlantic. South in winter to Long 

 Island (to Florida, Aud.). Great Lakes and the Mississippi {Aud.). 



Like the preceding, a rare winter visitor on Lake Erie. Audubon (1, c.) 



says: 



" Lake Erie supplies with food the L. marinus, L. argenlatus, L, atricilla, and some 

 others, as well as the Greab, the Arctic, the Roseate, and Black Terns, and some others, 

 all of which pass at times over to the Ohio, and from thence to the ocean." 



Mr. Winslow gives it as an occasional visitor to the vicinity of Cleve- 

 land in later years. Mr. Langdon (1877) notes its probable identifica- 

 tion on the Ohio, at Cincinnati. Many years since I saw a very large 

 Gull flying high overhead, in this vicinity, which must have been this 

 bird or L. glaucus. 



