GLOSSARY. 623 



Fuliginous. Sooty-brown ; dark smoky brown. 

 Fulvous. Of a brownish-yellow color. 

 Furcate. Forked; forlicate. 

 Fuseous. Of a dark-brown color. 



G 



Gape. Opeaing of the month ; area of the open mouth. 



GastrcBum, The whole under part of the bird. 



Genus. An aseemblage of species, or a single species, constituting a taxonomic group of 



value next below that of the family. 

 Gibious. Swollen ; protuberant ; humped; 

 Gonydeal. Pertaining to the mandibular symphysis. 



Gonys Keel or lower outline of the bill as far as the mandibular rami are united. 

 Gorget. Throat-patch, distinguished by color or texture of the feathers. 

 Graduated. Changing length at regular intervals, in regular succession; paid chiefly of 



the tail when its feathers regularly shorten successively by more and more from the 



middle to the outer. 

 Granulate. Roughened with numerous small elevations. 



Greater Wing-coverts. The single, longest, most posterior series of the secondary set. 

 Ground-color. The color of the general surface of the egg-shell, as distinguished from its 



markings. 

 Gular. Pertaining to the upper foreneck. 

 Guttate. Having drop-shaped spots. 



H 



HaMtat. Locality or region frequented by a species ; its geographical distribution. 



Hallux The hind toe. The name is retained even when the hind toe is brought around 

 to the front. When the toes are in pairs it is the inner of the two hind ones except in 

 Trogonidoe. In the genus Picoides the actual single hind toe is not the hallux but the 

 fourth toe reversed, there being no hallux. This too may always be recognized by 

 presence of not more than two joints. It is the one usually wanting in three-toed 

 birds, and is frequently rudimentary or fnnctionless, even when present. Its large 

 size, with largest claw, and specialization of its flexor muscle, marks the passerine or 

 highest group of birds. 



Hexagonal. Having six sides and edges. 



Soary. Of a pale silvery-gray. 



Identificatwn. Act or process of determining to what species a specimen or a name 



belongs ; the determination so made. 

 Imlyricated. Fixed shingle- wise with overlapping edge or end. 

 Immaculate. Unspotted ; not marked with different colors. 

 Immature. Not having yet assumed final size, shape, color, or other conditions of the 



adult, 

 Imperforate. Not pierced through ; also closed up (said chiefly of the nostrils). 

 Indsed. Cut out ; cut away. 

 Inoumient. Depressed or lending down upon something ; laid at full length ; chiefly 



said of the hind toe when its whole length rests upon the ground or other support owing 



to its low insertion on the level of the rest. 



