LAKGE SPOTTED OE VIOLET COLOEED SALAMANDEE. 719 



n. Vomerine series of teeth two, extending only to interior of nares ; extra- 

 limital, Northern Rocky Monntaina. ... A. atebrimtjm. 



Amblystoma PtiNCTATUM Linnseus. 



Large Spotted or Violet Colored Salamander. 



Amblystoma subviolaceum, Tbchudi. 



Salamandra suhviolacea, DbKay, Holbkooe, Harlan, Schlbgel, Kibtland. 



Salamandra punctata, Lackpedb, Waglbr. 



Salamandra venenosa, Barton, Daudin. 



iaeerto aubviolaoea, Barton. 



Lacerta punctata, LiNNisus. 



Lacerta maculata, Shaw. 



Ambh/stoma punctatum, Baird, Cope, Jordon. 



Color black, at least above, sometimes slightly pnrplish, changing to brown in 

 alcohol ; two sets of bright yellow spots arranged somewhat in rows on each side of 

 the back ; legs also spotted, spots unequal and change to white in alcohol ; tail oval, 

 compressed at the end ; body cylindrical ; head large, depressed ; muzzle rounded, skin 

 smooth, perforated with pores ; two patches of these on each side of the head, one reach- 

 ing from nostril backwards, above and somewhat around the eye, the other in the 

 parotid region ; cervical fold strong ; another fold present behind the eye, the two con- 

 nected by a ridge ; costal furrows eleven, strongly marked, sometimes with others leas 

 marked ; furrows behind the leg in the anal region four, and others less prominent upon 

 the tail ; back with a longitudinal groove ; tail indistinctly furrowed lengthwise upon 

 the side ; eyes prominent ; nostrils small, distinct. Total length, 6 inches ; length at loss 

 of branchisB, 1 5-6 inches ; body 3^ inches ; head to gular fold, f inch ; diameter of head, 

 finch. 



Habitat, Nova Scotia, Canada, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Vir- 

 ginia, South Carolina, Louisiana, Arkansas, Tennessee, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, and 

 Illinois. 



The Violet Colored Salamander is found under rocks and decaying 

 matter in damp forests and sometimes in cellars. It appears to be noc- 

 turnal, and like the rest of these animals is perfectly harmless, 



Amblystoma opacum Gravenhorst. 



The Opaqne or Blotched Salamander. 



Salamandra opaca, Gravenhorst. 



Salamandra gravenTiorstii, Lbuckakt. 



Salamandra fasciata, Green, Haelan, Holbrook, Storbr, Waglbr, DbKat. 



Amblystoma opaca, Baird, Cope, Jordan. 



Color above light clay or ash, with transverse, dark brown or bluish bands, sometimes 

 in blotches, and extending from head to tail j below, dark slate ; head with a triangu- 

 lar spot ; in alcohol the animal is a grayish ash, with transverse bands of dark brown 

 or brownish black ; tail oval, with indistinct lateral furrows ; body nearly cylindrical, 

 thickest in the middle ; head large, depressed ; muzzle round ; mucous pores of the skin 

 numerous, about equally distributed, hence no special patches above the eye and in the 



