RED-BELLIED MINNOW. 837 



its entire body rough and gray with tubercles, and with its vertical fins 

 gaily variegated with black and orange. Such individuals appear to 

 have exhausted their vitality and die quickly in confinement, and are 

 often found dead. Young individuals are active and hardy in the 

 aquarium, where they feed on confervas and diatoms. 



The Stone Roller is too small to be of any value as food, but with other 

 of our larger Cyprinoids, is caught and valued by small boys. 



Gends 27. CHR0S0MU8. Eafineeque. 



Chrosomua, Eafinesquk, lohthyologia, 1820, 47. 

 Type, Luxilus erythrogaster, Ratinesqae. 

 Etymology, ckros, color; soma, body. 



Body moderately elongate, little compreseed ; jaws noriual ; no barbels ; teeth 4 5 or 

 5-5 moderately booked, with oblong grinding surface ; alimentary canal aboat twice 

 as long as the body ; peritoneum more or less black ; scales Yery email ; lateral line short 

 or wanting; dorsal behind ventrals ; anal basis short; size small; colors in spring 

 brilliant. The brilliant little fishes which compose this genns, bear a superficial re- 

 semblance to the species of Phoxinua but their relation is probably nearer PimephaJes and 

 Hyiognathus. All are American. 



51. Chbosomus ERYrHBOGASTEE Rafincsque. 



Red-bellied Iffiiunow. 



Luxilus erglkrogaater, Rafinesquj:, Ich. Oh., 1820, 47. — Kiktland, Eept. Zool. Oh , 169 ; 



Bost. Journ, Nat. Hist., 1844, iv, 23. 

 Chrosomus erythrogaster, Raf , Ich. Oh., 1820, 47. — Agassiz, Am. Journ. Sci. Arts., 1854, 



359, (!) 1855 (reprint).— Pdtnam, Bull. M. C. Z , 18G3, 8— Cope, Gyp. Penn,, 1866, 



391 ; Jonrn. Phila. Acad. Sci., 1869, 233.— Jobdan, Man. Vert , 2d Ed., 1871, 302, 



and of most authors. 

 Leuciscus erythrogaster, Stoker, Synopsis, 1846, 410. — Gunther, Cat. Fishes, vii, 247. 

 f Chrosomus eos, Cope, Proc. Phila. Acad. Sci., 1868, 233.— Gunther, Cat. Fishes, vii, 248. 



—Jordan, Man. Vert , 1876, 284. 

 Chrosomus pyrrhogaster, Jordan, Bull. Buff. Nat. Hist. Soc, 1876, 94 ; Man. Vert. 284. 



(Proposed for C. erythrogaster, Auct., the C. erythrogaster of Raf. being perhaps C. eos. 



It is best however to follow the prevailing nomenclature.) 



Description —Body oblong, tapering each way from the middle, little compressed ; head 

 moderate, rather pointed ; mouth moderate, terminal, oblique, the jaws about eqaal ; fins 

 rather small, the dorsal and anal fin rather high and short ; caudal long ; scales quite 

 small, firmly attached bnt not ranch imbricated ; lateral line developed for less than 

 half the length of the body ; color brownish- olive, with a dosky dorsal line, and ofte;^ 

 some blackish spots; two black lateral bands as above described, between these 

 bright silvery area ; belly below the lower band abruptly silvery ; females obscurely 

 marked ; males in the spring with the belly and the interspace between the lateral bands 

 bright scarlet ; base of the vertical fins also bright scarlet ; in high coloration the body 

 is everywhere minutely tnberculate, and the fins are bright yellow ; head 4i ; depth 4^ ; 

 D, 7 ; A. 8; lat. 1. 85; teeth usually 5-5, sometimes 4-5. Length, two to three iuohes. 



