CUT-LIPS. 841 



Habits. — This species swarms in all the streams in the State of Ohio, 

 ascending small and even muddy hrooks. It is a species of feeble organ- 

 ization and without bright colors. Old males in the spring are rather 

 curious-looking little fishes. 



Genus 30. EXOGLOSSUM. Eafinesqne. 



Exogloamm, Eafinkeque, Jonrn. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., i, 1618, p. 420. 

 Type, Exogloasum lesueuriannm, Kaf. = Cyprinua maxillingua, LeS. 



Body moderately elongate, little compressed ; dentary bones nearly straight, connected 

 throughout their length; mandible mnch contracted, incurved, with a fleshy lobe on each 

 side of it at the base, the middle thus resembling a projecting tongue ; teeth hooked, 

 without grinding surface, 1, 4-4, 1 ; no barbels ; premaxillaries not projectile ; air-blad- 

 der normal ; alimentary canal not elongate ; scales moderate ; dorsal line present ; fins 

 without spines ; dorsal slightly behind ventral ; anal basis short. 



A single species known, singularly distinguished from all the other Cyprinoid fishes 

 by the structure of the lower jaw. 



61. ExoGLOssuM MAXiLLiLiNGUA (LeSueur) Haldeman. 



Cut-lips; Day Chub; Nig^ger Chub. 



Cyprinus maxillingua, LbSueur, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1817, 85. 



Exoglossum maxillingua, Haldeman, Rnpp. Hist, Lancaster Co., 1844, 474. — .^gassiz. Am. 

 Jonrn. Sci. Arts, xix, 1855, 215;— Cope, Trans. Am. Philos. Soo. 1866, 360.— Gunthbr, 

 Cat. Fishes, Brit. Mns., vii, 188.— Jordan, Man. Vert,, 2d Ed., 308, and of other 

 writers generally. 



Mxoglos>um leeueurianum, Eafinesque, Journ, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1818, 420. 



Description — Body rather stont, little compressed ; head large, broad and flatish above, 

 with tumid cheeks ; mouth moderate, slightly oblique, the end of the maxillary not 

 reaching the line of the orbit ; upper jaw longer than lower ; scales rather crowded an- 

 teriorly, those in front of the dorsal small ; color olivaeeous, smoky or dark above ; a 

 blackish bar behind operole, and a dusky shade at the root of the caudal in the young ; 

 fins unmarked ; head 4J ; depth 5 ; D. 8 ; A. 7 ; lat. 1. 53 ; teeth 1-4-4-1. Length six 

 inches. 



Habitat, Western New York to West Virginia. 



Diagnosis. — This is the only minnow in America in which the two 

 dentary bones or forks of the lower jaw are united in one for their whole 

 length. 



Habits. — This singular fish has not yet been recorded from Ohio. As, 

 however, it is very abundant in the Susquehanna River, and its occur- 

 rence in the Kanawha River has been noticed, it will probably be found 

 in the eastern part of the State. Its habits resemble those of Compostoma 

 anomalum, preferring clear rock-pools, but not haunting rapids. Accord- 

 ing to Professor Cope, " its stomach usually contains abundant remains 

 of Physie, Pisidia, and other small moUusca, which form its food. The 



