870 FISHES — DOKOSOMATID^. 



88. DoR030MA CEPEDiANUM (LeSueur) Gill. 

 Gizzard Shad; Hickory Shad. 



Tar, cepedianum (East Coast, maiine form.) 



Megalopa eepediana, LeSueur, Jonrn. Acad. Nat. 8oi. Phila., i, 1817, 361. 



Chatoessua oepedianus, Cuv. et Val., Hiac. Nat. des Pdiss., xxi, 99. — Gunthei?, Cat. Fish. 



Brit. Mas., vii, 409. 

 Doroeoma cepedianum, Oiix, Cat. Fish. East Coast, 1861, 55, and elsewhere, and of late 



writers generally. 

 Dorymma cepediano, Jorda^n, Man. Vert,, 3d £d., 1878, 279. 

 ChaUet»u» insociahiUs, Abbott, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci., FhUa., 1&60, 365. 



Tar. heterwrwn. 



Clupea heteritrus, Kafikegqub, Amer. Monthly Mag., 1818, 354. 



Dm-yaoma eepediana fcrteruro, Jordan, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mas., ixy 1877, 13; Man, Vert., 



3d Ed., 1878, 380, and elsewhere. 

 Doroeoma notata, Rafinesqub, Ich. Oh., 1820, 40, and of some authors. 

 Chatoeegjia elUptieua, Kirtlanb, Bept. Zool , Ohio, 1838, pp. 169, 193. — Kirtland, Bost. 



Jonrn. Nat. Hist,, iv, 235, pi. 10, fig. 1. 

 DeacriptUm — Body OTate, mnch coiupressed, bat not greatly derated, axis of body 

 considerably nearer dorsal than Tentral ontline; mouth small, inferior, the suoafe 

 roanded ; eye twice the length of snout, 4^ in head ; length of top of head 3^ in dis- 

 tance to origin of dorsal ; dorsal fiu beginning lAidway between snont and middle of 

 base of candal, the last or filamentous ray being abont eqnal to the length of the 

 head and more than twice the base of the fin ; pectorals scarcely leachiog Tentrals ; 1} 

 in head; Tentrals reaching half way to anal, 3 l-t3 in head; vent abont midway be- 

 tween snont and tip of candal; base of anal a little longer than bead, three times the 

 height of its longest lay ; caudal fin widely forked, the lobes nsually unequal, largely 

 scaly at base; depth of candal peduncle half length of head; color bluish above, 

 tides silTery, often with golden reflections ; fins plain ; young with a large blackish 

 blotch on each side behind the head, oyer the pectoral fins, this disappearing with 

 age; head 4; depth 3^; D. 11; A. 30; V. 8; lat. 1. 56; 30 scales from dorsal to Ten- 

 trals ; 17 scutes in front of yentrals, 13 behind. Length 13 to 15 inches. 



Habitat, Atlantic and Gnlf coasts of United States from New York to Tesas, entering 

 streams and often becoming land-locked in ponds. Yar. ieternrua, in all large streams 

 of the Mississippi Basin, escaped through canals into Lake Michigaa and Lake Erie. 



Diagnom. — This fish may be known by its serrated belly and small, 

 toothless mouth, and by the filament on the dorsal fin. 



Habits. — This species is abundant in the Ohio River. It apparently 

 prefers the deeper waters, and seldom ascends the smaller streams. It 

 has, however, entered the canals, and specimens are now frequently 

 taken in Lake Erie. Mr. Klippart states that " before the construction 

 of the Ohio Canal it was not found anywhere north of the divide, or 



