8AUGER. 961 



130. Stizostethium canadense (C. H. Smith) Jordan. 



Saug:er; G-ray Pike; Sand Pike; Ground Pike; Pickering:; 



Pickerel. 



Luoioperea canadensis, C. H. Smith, MSS., Griffith's Cuvier'B Animal Kingdom, x, 1834, 



275. — Richardson, Fauna Bor.-Amer. Pishes, iii, 1836, 17. — DbKat, N. Y. Fauna, 



Fishes, 1848, 19.— Storbr, Synopsis, 1846, 276.— Gunther, Cat. Fishes, i, 1859, 75. 



— Jordan, Klippart's Report, 1877, 225. 

 SiizosieMum canadense, Jordan, Man. Vert., 1876, 225. — Jordan and Copeland, Check 



List, 1876, 136. 

 Stizostethium canadense, Jordan, Bull,, x, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1877, 48; Man. Vert., 2d Ed., 



1878, 230. 

 Luoioperea grisea, DbKay, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 1842, 19. — Storer, Synopsis, 1846, 276. 



—Gunther, Cat. Pishes, i, 1859, 76.— Jordan, Ind. Geol. Sarv., 1874, 212. 

 Stizostedium griseum, Milnbr, Bept. U. S. Fish Com., 1872-3. — Jordan, Man. Vert., 1876, 



225 — Nelson, Bull. Ills. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1876, 36.— Jordan and Copeland, Check 



List, 1876, 136. 

 Luoioperea horea, Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., Nov., 1857 (not Okow or Horn Fish, 



Richardson, which is S. vitreum.). 

 SUzostedion ioreus, Gihakd, Pao. R, R. Surv., x, 1868, 31. 

 Stizostedium boreum, Jordan and Copeland, Check List, 1876. 136. 

 Lucioperea pepinus, Estes, Hallock's Sportsman's Gazetteer. 



Description. — Body most elongated, more terete than in vitreum proper, with the back 

 scarcely compressed, so broad that the lateral line may be seen in a view from above ; 

 the back somewhat angulated as it descends to the sides ; the depth of the body four 

 and one-half to five in length ; head quite pointed, about three and one-half in length ; 

 the slope of the profile greater than in vitreum ; eye smaller, five to five and one- half 

 in adult ; mouth rather smaller, the lower jaw included ; maxillary reaching to opposite 

 posterior margin of eye ; operole with a sharp, flat spine, usually a smaller one below 

 it, and an obscure one above; sometimes two or three smaller ones below, often 

 none ; the position and number of these spines extremely variable ; in variety canadense, 

 sometimes as many as seventeen of these spines occur ; cheeks usually closely scaled, 

 the hinder third, or less, sometimes naked ; median furrow on top of head closely scaled ; 

 coloration paler and more translucent, the shades less blended than in S. vitreum, olive 

 gray above, sides considerably brassy or pale orange, with much black mottling ; the 

 black gathered into several definite dark areas, the most distinct of these being oppo- 

 site the second dorsal ; two others fainter,- at each extremity of the spinous dorsal and 

 one at base of caudal ; these blotches are irregular and diffuse, but very characteristic ; 

 young specimens are pale orange, with broad, black shades ; spinous dorsal, with two 

 or three rows of round, black spots, one of each row on the membrane between each 

 pair of spines ; no distinct blotch on posterior part of the fin ; a large black blotch at 

 base of pectorals ; second dorsal with about three rows of irregular, dark spots ; caudal 

 yellowish and dusky, almost barred; fin rays: dorsal XII, 1-17, varying to XIII, 1-18; 

 anal II, 12 ; lateral line with ninety two to ninety-eight scales ; pyloric coeca four to 

 seven, four of them larger than the rest, of different lengths, all small and shorter than 

 the stomach ; the usual number is six, but the two small ones are sometimes one or both 

 absent, sometimes duplicated. Length of adult 10 to 15 inches, 

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