962 PISHES — PERCIDiE. 



Habitat, St. Lawrence Rivor, Great Lake Eegion, Upper MiasisBippi, and Upper Mis- 

 sonri rivers ; also in the Ohio, where it has been introdnced from the lakes, through the 

 canals, according to the fishermen. 



Diagnosis. — The dififerent form and coloration, particularly the mark- 

 ings of the dorsal fin, distinguish this species at once from Stizmtedium 

 vUrewm. This species has, moreover, always fewer dorsal rays, more 

 scaly cheeks, and permanent armature of the operculum. 



Remarks. — In comparing saugers from widely separated localities cer- 

 tain differences appear, which are perhaps sufficiently constant to indi- 

 cate distinct varieties. Of these, three are perhaps worthy to be desig- 

 nated by name. The above description was drawn from the common 

 Sauger or Sand Pike of the lakes {Liicioperca grisea, DeKay), which should 

 bear the name of Stieostedium canadense, var. griseum. The Sauger or 

 Pickering of the St. Lawrence was the original Lucioperca canadensis of 

 Col. C. H. Smith. It should, therefore, be the typical variety, canadensis. 

 Its head is rougher and more closely scaled, and the number of spinous 

 points on the opercle is greater. The " Sand Pike " of the Upper Mis- 

 souri averages rather slender, with a long, slenderer nose, and more fl,at- 

 tened and snake-like head. This is the Lucioperca borea of Dr. Girard, 

 and may be called var. boreum, if the differences here noted prove at 

 all constant. 



Habits. — The Sauger never reaches a large size, the largest I have seen, 

 being from fifteen to eighteen inches in length. It is abundant every- 

 where in the Great Lakes, and is valued as food, although less highly 

 rated than its relative, the Pike- Perch. 



It is plentiful in the Ohio River, where it is probably indigenous, al- 

 though some claim that it has been introduced there through the 

 canals. 



131. Stizostethium vitreum (Mitchill) Jordan and Copeland. 



var. Vitreum. 



l¥all-eyed Pike; Glass Eye; Dory; Salmon; Pike-Percli; Okow^; 

 Hornfisli; Green Pike; Tellow Pike; JTack; Jack Salmon. 



Perca vitrea, Mitchill, Supplement Am. Monthly Mag , ii, 1818, 247 (Cayuga Lake). 

 Stizoatedium vitreum, Jordan and Copbla.nd, Check List N. Am. Fresh Water Fishes, 



Bull. Buff. Soo. Nat. Hist., 1876, 136. 

 Stizostethium vitreum, Jordan, Ann. N. T. Lyo. Nat. Hist., 1877; in Elippart's Rep. Fish 



Commr. Ohio, 1877; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1877 ; Man. Vert., 2d E<)., 1878. 

 Immoperca afnerieana, Cuv. and Val., li, 1829, 122. — Richardson, Fauna, Bor.-Amer., 



iii, 1836, 10.— Kirtland, Zool. Ohio, 1838, 192 ; Bost Jonrn. Nat. Hist., iv, 237. — 



Thompson, Hist. Vt., 1842, 130.-DkKay, Zool. N. Y. Fishes, 1842, 17.— Storbr, Syn- 



