974 FISHES — PERCIDiE. 



Habits — Nothing distinctive is known of the habits. The peculiar, 

 enlarged caducous scales of the bally reach a larger development in this 

 fish than in any other. 



144. Alvoedius evides Jordan and Copeland. 

 Oilded Darter. 



Etheoatoma eviies, Jorda« and Oopbland, M8S. in Nelson Bull. Ula. MuB. Nat. Hist., 



1876, 36. 

 Alvordius eoides, Jordan and Copeland, Proc. Acad. Nat. Soi. Phila,, 1877, 51. 

 Erieoama evides, Jordan, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus,, x, 1877 ; Man. Vert., 2d Ed., 1878, 221, 



and elsewhere. 



Deioription. — Body moderate, somewhat compressed ; head heavy, the profile rather 

 convex ; eye rather large, high, 3^ in head ; mouth moderate, somewhat oblique, the 

 lower jaw included; maxillary reaching front of eye; cheeks, neck above, and throat 

 naked; opercles with rather large scales; ventral plates little enlarged; fins large; 

 second dorsal lower than anal, but with longer base; coloration extremely brilliant; 

 dark olivaceous above, tessellated with dark; sides with about seven broad transverse 

 bars extending from below the lateral line on one side across the back and down the 

 other side ; these bars are wider than the eye, and are connected along the lateral line 

 by a faint black stripe ; in the female these bars are black and the intervening spaces 

 yellowish ; in the male the bars are of a dark, rich blnegreen, with metallic luster ; the 

 couneclitig longitudinal line greenish bronze ; just above this line is a luminous yellow- 

 ish streak, and above in each of the interspaces between the bars is a bright blotch of 

 bronze- red ; entire lower parts, of the body of a bright clear yellow, which becomes on 

 the under side of the head, throat, and branchiostegals a bright orange-red ; blackish 

 green streaks downward and forward from eye ; cheek6 orange-red, the color of iron 

 rust; dorsal fin orange-colored, wiih a bright, bronze edge, a blackish spot on the last 

 rays ; second dorsal and caudal pale orange ; two luminous spots at base of caudal ; anal 

 bronze, with a blue-black shading ; ventral fins dark blue-black ; pectorals faintly 

 orange; males with the rays of the ventral and anal fins covered with small.corneous 

 tubercles, exactly as in Bome'Cyprviiidce ; female and alcoholic specimens show little of 

 the bright colors, althongh the same pattern is preserved ; the dorsal has a dusky spot 

 on its posterior rays, and the fins are destitute of the dark bars found in the other 

 species of Ahiardiui; head 4J; depth 5J; D. XI, 10; A. II, 8; scales 9-63-9. Length 

 2i inches. 



Habitat. Thus far taken only in White Eiver, in Central Indiana. 

 Habits. — It frequents clear and rapid waters. It is one of the most 

 brilliantly colored of all our fishes. 



Genus 78. NANOSTOMA. Putnam. 



Nanoatoma, Putnam, MSB. ; Jordan, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., x, 1877, 6. 



Type, PaoiUohthys zonalia, Copk. 



Etymology, nanos, small; stoma, month. 



Body fusiform, not greatly compressed ; mouth small, subinferior, the premaxlllaries 



