46 THE SKELETON OF THE CAT. 
The perpendicular or nasal portion (Fig. 33, 4) of the 
palatine is thin and irregularly quadrilateral in form. It is 
attached by its cranial two-thirds to the dorsal surface of the 
horizontal portion. The outer surface is concave and looks 
into the orbital fossa. The inner surface is convex and looks 
into the nasal cavity. 
The perpendicular portion is marked by two formaina just 
craniad of the middle. The larger dorsal oval foramen is the 
sphenopalatine foramen (¢). The smaller ventral foramen is 
the caudal opening of the posterior palatine canal (f). From 
this opening the canal passes craniomediad, lying in the sub- 
stance of the palatine bone; it opens on the ventral surface of 
the horizontal portion at the small openings previously 
described (Fig. 41, @). 
By its cranial margin it articulates with the lachrymal bone. 
By its dorsal margin it articulates craniad with the orbital plate 
of the frontal: with the lamina papyracea at its middle, and 
with the body of the presphenoid caudad. The caudal half of 
the dorsal margin is partially divided into two lamelle with a 
rough surface between them: this rough surface lies against 
the ventral surface of the presphenoid. The caudal margin 
articulates with the pterygoid portion of the sphenoid. 
Lachrymal Bone. Os lachrymale (Fig. 34; Fig. 39, 10). 
The lachrymal bone is a thin pentagonal scale of bone filling 
Fic. 34.—LACHRYMAL BONE OF Fic. 35.—MALar Bone oF RIGHT SIDE, 
Lert SIDE, EXTERNAL SURFACE. LATERAL SURFACE, 
Fig. 34.—@, notch forming the beginning of the lachrymal canal. 
Fig. 35.—2, ridge for origin of the masseter muscle; 4, frontal process; ¢, zygo- 
matic process. 
the interval between the horizontal plate of the palatine, the 
maxillary, and the orbital plate of the frontal. Its outer surface 
looks into the orbit, its inner surface into the nasal cavity. 
