META- 
AND PHALANGES 
oF LeFT Foot, VENTRAL 
View. 
Fic. 
TARSUS, 
58. — Tarsus, 
a, calcaneus; 4. astragalus; 
¢, cuboid; d, scaphoid; ¢, lat- 
eral cuneiform; g, medial 
cuneiform; /, peroneal groove, 
for the tendon of the peroneus 
longus muscle; 7, proximal 
phalanges; 7, second row of 
phalanges; 4, distal phalanges; 
Z, sesamoid bones, 1, rudi- 
mentary first (medial) meta- 
tarsal; 2, 3, 4, 5) the other 
metatarsals. 
PELVIC LIMBS. 83 
lateral and medial surfaces by curved 
facets for articulation with the malleoli 
of the tibia and fibula. | This entire 
surface for articulation with the bones 
of the leg is known as the trochlea. 
The lower surface is marked by two 
facets separated by a groove; these are 
for articulation with corresponding 
facets on the calcaneus. Distally the 
bone contracts to form the neck and 
enlarges at the end, forming the head, 
which is smooth on its distal surface for 
articulation with the navicular or sca- 
phoid. 
Calcaneus (Fig. 58, a, and Fig. 59). 
—The calcaneus (os calcis) is the largest 
bone of the foot and forms the heel. 
It is two or three times as long as broad 
and has six surfaces: dorsal, ventral, 
medial, lateral, proximal, and distal. 
The proximal one-half of the dorsal 
surface (Fig. 59) is smooth, while the 
distal half is broadened and bears two 
facets which are separated by a groove. 
These articulate with the corresponding 
facets on the astragalus. The medial 
Fic. 59. —CaALCANEUS OF RIGHT 
Foot, DorsaL VIEW. 
a, distal facet for cuboid; 4, 
proximal end with groove for 
tendon of Achilles; ¢, sustentacu- 
lum tali; @, peroneal tubercle. 
