PELVIC LIMBS. 89 
the medial epicondyle of the femur and passes distad to the lateral 
tuberosity of the tibia; part of it passes one to one and a half 
centimeters distad of the tuberosity to be attached to a rough 
ridge on the side of the tibia. 
(3) CRUCIAL LIGAMENTS.—There are two of these also. 
The ligamentum cruciatum anterius, or anterior crucial liga- 
ment (Fig. 60, ¢; Fig. 61, c), isa thick, strong ligament which 
begins on the dorsal part of the proximal end of the tibia nearer 
the medial side (Fig. 60, g), and passes ventrad and proxi- 
Fic. 60.—KNEE-JOINT, FROM THE Fic. 61. — KNEE-JOINT, FROM THE 
DorSAL OR PATELLAR SIDE, VENTRAL OR FLEXOR SIDE. 
Fig. 60.—The patella has been removed. 1, femur; 2, tibia; 3, fibula. a, 
patellar surface of femur; 4, tubercle for attachment of ligamentum patellz; c, medial 
meniscus; @, lateral meniscus; ¢, /, ligaments of the menisci; g, ligamentum crucia- 
tum anterius; 4, ligamentum cruciatum posterius; 7, ligamentum collaterale tibiale; 
J; ligamentum collaterale fibulare. 
Fig. 61.—The capsule of the joint has been opened. 1, femur; 2, tibia (fibula 
not shown); 3, sesamoid bone in lateral head of M. gastrocnemius; 4, sesamoid in 
medial head of M. gastrocnemius; 5, tendon of M. popliteus, with sesamoid bone; 
6, 7, lateral and medial condyles of the femur, with the intercondyloid notch between 
them; 8, 9, lateral and medial condyles of the tibia, with the popliteal notch between 
them; a, 4, medial and lateral menisci; ¢, ligamentum cruciatum anterius; ¢, liga- 
mentum cruciatum posterius; ¢, 7, ligaments of the lateral meniscus; g, ligamentum 
collaterale tibiale. 
mad, between the ends of the two bones forming the joint, into 
the intercondyloid fossa of the femur, and becomes attached to 
the medial surface of the lateral condyle of the femur (Fig. 
61, ¢). It is composed of two partially separated bands, form- 
ing aslight angle with one another. It is crossed near its 
dorsal and ventral ends by two of the ligaments of the menisci. 
The ligamentum cruciatum posterius, or posterior crucial liga- 
