104 THE MUSCLES. 
Lying deeper than the muscles thus far described, but 
closely connected with a number of them, are the following: 
M. frontoscutularis. 
Origin (Fig. 63, 0) on the frontal bone, along the supra- 
orbital margin, from the craniomedial angle of the eye caudad 
to the zygomatic process of the frontal. 
The fibres form a large muscle which passes dorsocaudad 
to the scutiform cartilage and is mostly attached along its 
ventrolateral border. Some of the outer fibres, however, pass 
distad of the scutiform cartilage toward the cartilage of the ear, 
thus joining the adductor auris superior (/). 
The outer surface of this muscle is closely connected with 
fibres of the intermedius scutulorum (a), the corrugatores 
supercilii medialis (4) and lateralis (@), and the frontoauricu- 
laris, when this exists. The outer surface is covered near the 
origin by the orbicularis oculi (c), farther dorsad by the muscles 
just mentioned and the integument. The inner surface is in 
relation with the frontal bone and the adductor auris inferior 
(Fig. 64, 0). 
Action.—Pulls the ear craniad. 
M. adductor auris inferior. (Fig. 64, 0.) (Part of the 
auricularis anterior of man.)—A small muscle lying beneath 
the frontoscutularis. 
Origin on the ligament which connects the zygomatic 
process of the frontal with the frontal process of the malar. 
The fibres form a thin band about 7 millimeters wide which 
passes craniad, closely united to the inner surface of the fronto- 
scutularis. At the caudal edge of the zygomaticus (¢) the 
muscle is interrupted by a short tendinous interval; the fibres 
then continue to their insertion on the tip of the antitragus. 
Relations.—Outer surface with the frontoscutularis, the 
zygomaticus (d@), and the integument. Inner surface with the 
temporal muscle and M. antitragicus (v). 
Action.—Pulls the ear craniodorsad. 
The remainder of the muscles of the ear, which, with the 
exception of the tragicus lateralis, merely interconnect the 
cartilages of the external ear or parts of these cartilages, are 
