194 THE MUSCLES. 
Insertion by tendon and fleshy fibres into the apex of the 
lesser trochanter of the femur. 
Relations.—Dorsal surface with the quadratus lumborum 
(with which this muscle is partly united), the rectus femoris 
(Fig. 91, @), and, by the iliac head, with the gluteus minimus. 
Ventral and medial surface with the psoas minor (Fig. 162, 9) 
and the peritoneum. Lateral edge with the transversus 
abdominis (Fig. 162, 4). 
_Action.—Rotates the thigh so as to carry the foot out; also 
flexes the thigh. 
2. Muscles of the Thigh. 
M. biceps femoris (Fig. 68, z, page 117).—A very large 
flat muscle covering about two-thirds of the lateral side of the 
thigh. 
Origin (Fig. 90, 2).—From the ventral surface of the 
tuberosity of the ischium by tendon- and muscle-fibres. The 
fibres diverge, and near the knee the mass has spread out, end- 
ing in a fascia. The dorsal border of the muscle and -the 
common fascia are continuous dorsad with the superficial fascia 
of the thigh and with the tendon of the caudofemoralis (Fig. 
68, s). Ventrad it is continuous with the superficial fascia of 
the shank. 
Insertion into rather more than the proximal one-third of 
the dorsal border of the tibia along its lateral margin and into 
the lateral margin of the patella. In passing over the knee- 
joint it is closely united to the underlying ligaments and 
tendons. 
Relations.—Outer surface with the superficial fascia and 
with a few of the most caudal fibres of the cutaneus maximus 
(Fig. 62, 4, page 94). Cranial (or dorsal) edge with the 
caudofemoralis (Fig. 68, s) and the vastus lateralis (Fig. 90, @). 
Caudal border with the semitendinosus (Fig. 68, ~) and a mass 
of fat. Inner surface with the caudofemoralis (Fig. 68, s), the 
tenuissimus (Fig. 90, g), the obturator internus (Fig. go, ¢), 
the quadratus femoris (Fig. 90, /), the semitendinosus (Fig. 
68, z), the semimembranosus (Fig. 90, 2), the adductor femoris 
(Fig. 90, 2), the great sciatic nerve (Fig. 163, a), and distad 
