286 THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. 
turns -mediad, lying against the cartilaginous auditory meatus, 
on its cranial side, and gives off the superficial temporal ( ). 
The artery then continues mediad, taking the name internal 
maxillary (z)—so that the internal maxillary artery is to be 
considered the terminal branch of the external carotid. 
Branches of the external carotid artery (Fig. 119): 
a. A. lingualis (Fig. 119, 7; Fig. 120, @).—The lingual 
artery leaves the external carotid near its beginning and passes 
craniomediad along the ventral border of the digastric muscle 
(Fig. 120, 9), accompanied by the hypoglossal nerve. It gives 
off numerous small branches to the hyoid and pharyngeal 
muscles, then passes dorsad of the hyoglossus muscle (Fig. 
120, 6), where it gives off a branch which passes transversely 
across the middle line to communicate with the artery of the 
other side. Beneath the hyoglossus the artery turns craniad 
and passes into the tongue. Here it runs along the medial 
border of the styloglossus to the tip of the tongue, giving off 
numerous branches into the substance of this organ. 
6. Rami musculares.— Muscular branches pass to the 
digastric and to the hyoid muscles. A small branch (Fig. 119, 
‘h), which may arise either from the external carotid or from 
the common carotid near the beginning of the external carotid, 
passes to the larynx and supplies the thyroarytenoid and lateral 
cricoarytenoid muscles of the larynx. 
c. A. maxillaris externa (Fig. 119, 7).—The external 
maxillary artery leaves the external carotid (7) opposite the 
angle of the jaw and at about the dorsal border of the digastric 
muscle (8). It passes craniad, lying at first beneath the 
digastric muscle and sending a branch to the submaxillary 
gland. Opposite the caudal border of the mylohyoid muscle 
it gives off the submental artery, turns dorsad, emerges from 
beneath the digastric, and passes along the cranial border of the 
masseter onto the face. Here it divides into superior (£) and 
inferior (7) labial branches, which pass along the upper and 
lower lips, respectively, giving off numerous branches. 
The submental artery passes to the symphysis menti 
between the digastric and mylohyoid muscles, giving off on its 
course collateral branches to the muscles of this region. 
