384 NERVOUS SYSTEM. 
atlantal foramen. The second passes out between the arches 
of the atlas and axis, not through a special intervertebral fora- 
men, so that its ganglion lies among the muscles of the back 
of the neck. The others emerge through the intervertebral 
foramina, the eighth one from between the last cervical and 
first thoracic vertebra. 
Dorsal Rami (Rami posteriores).—The dorsal ramus of the 
first nerve (N. suboccipitalis) supplies the short dorsal muscles 
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Fic. 158.—SuUPERFICIAL NERVES OF THE NECK. 
M. clavotrapezius has been partly removed. 1, N. accessorius; 2-4, ventral 
rami of second to fourth cervical nerves; 5, N. auricularis magnus; 6, N. cutaneus 
colli. a, M. clavotrapezius (cut); 4, M. splenius; c, M. levator scapulz ventralis; 
d, M. cleidomastoideus; ¢, M. sternomastoideus; /, parvtid gland. 
which move the head and connect the atlas and skull. In 
the second nerve the dorsal ramus is much larger, forming 
N. occipitalis major. It sends small branches to the muscles 
about its origin, then turns craniad on the surface of the obliquus 
superior muscle, passes through the biventer cervicis and 
splenius, joins a small branch from the third nerve, and reaches 
the dorsal surface of the back of the head. It passes craniad, 
lying beneath the levator auris longus, emerges from ‘between 
