436 APPENDIX. 
III. Muscies or THE Fore Limp. 
A. Muscles connecting the Arm with the Body.—If the skin- 
muscles have been dissected, as above, cut the cutaneus maximus 
near its insertion, and reflect it toward the median dorsal line; in 
this way remove it completely. Remove the platysma in the same 
way. The first layer of body-muscles is thus exposed. 
If the skin-muscles are not to be dissected, these may be removed 
with the skin. If the skin has not yet been removed, proceed as 
follows: 
Beginning at the cranial .end of the manubrium make two 
incisions in the skin, one passing to the lambdoidal ridge and the 
other to the spinous process of the thirteenth thoracic vertebra. 
Raise the triangular flap thus formed, taking up the skin-muscles 
with it. 
1. The trapezius group of muscles (pp. 115-117, and Fig. 68, 
d, h, and 7) is now exposed and may be dissected. Begin with the 
spinotrapezius (Fig. 68, 7). Read the description of the muscle, 
then raise its caudal border and work under it until its cranial border 
is reached and the middle of its inner surface is free. Then transect 
it, and reflect the two halves of the muscle toward the origin and 
insertion, clearing the fat, etc., from the inner surface of the muscle 
and the parts covered by it. Determine origin and insertion. 
2. The acromiotrapezius (Fig. 68, 4). Dissect in the same 
manner, being careful not to injure the broad thin tendon which 
connects the two muscles across the middle line. 
3. The clavotrapezius (Fig. 68, d). Separate it carefully from 
the cleidomastoid (p. 120). Transect and reflect, as before. 
4. The occipitoscapularis (Fig. 73, a, p. 149). Note the strong 
fascia which separates it from the deeper muscles of the neck. Be 
careful not to injure adjacent muscles in tracing this toward origin 
and insertion. Transect. 
5. The rhomboideus. Transect. 
Recognize the levator scapulz ventralis (Fig. 68, 7), the sterno- 
mastoid (Fig. 68, ¢; Fig. 65, g), and the cleidomastoid (Fig. 65, 4). 
Then dissect— 
6. The levator scapule ventralis (Fig. 68, 7). Its origin (Fig. 
72, c, c’) cannot be seen at this stage and should be left until the 
cervical muscles are dissected. Be careful in transecting this muscle 
to separate it well from the cleidomastoid. Transect. 
7. The cleidomastoid (Fig. 65, 2). Its origin cannot be fully 
seen at this stage. Transect. 
Make a midventral incision of the skin from the cranial end of 
the manubrium to a point opposite the crest of the illum. From the 
caudal end of this incision make an incision to the root of the tail. 
From the cranial end of the incision in the ventral middle line make 
a cut around the base of the fore limb on its caudal side, thus con- 
