PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS. 437 
necting the ventral incision with the incision which passes between 
the manubrium and the thirteenth thoracic vertebra, 
Make another incision from the convexity of the knee at the joint 
along the fold of the skin which connects the hind limb and body, 
to the incision which leads to the root of the tail. 
Reflect the flaps thus formed so as to expose the body and flank, 
removing the skin-muscle with the skin. 
8. The latissimus dorsi (p. 121, and Fig. 68, m). Dissect it up 
and transect it. Work -carefully toward its insertion and note the 
origin from its outer surface in the axilla of a part of the. cutaneus 
maximus, and at about the same place of a thin muscle, the 
epitrochlearis (p. 164, and Fig. 65, r), wzthout determining the inser- 
tion of the latissimus. 
g. Dissect the pectoralis group of muscles (Fig. 65, and p. 144), 
i.e., the pectoantibrachialis (Fig. 65, m), the pectoralis major (/), 
pectoralis minor (0), and xiphihumeralis (). 
Determine the border of each muscle before lifting it, then work 
it up at its middle, transect it, and work toward its ends, determin- 
ing origin and insertion. 
Refer constantly to the skeleton. 
10, Then recognize the teres major (p,. 163, and Fig. 75, d; Fig. 
77, c) and the common insertion of the teres major and latissimus 
(Fig. 79, @'); find the bicipital arch (Fig. 65, ¢') and determine its 
composition (p. 166). 
tr and i2, The serratus anterior and levator scapule (Fig. 73, 
A and z, and p. 122). In order to expose the origin of these muscles, 
the external oblique muscle (Fig. 68, 4) must be recognized, and that 
part of it which has its origin from the fourth to the ninth rib should 
be transected about an inch and a half from its origin and reflected. 
The thoracic portion of the rectus abdominis (Fig. 73, 4) and of 
the scalenus (Fig. 73, 47") should also. be recognized and then 
raised at their outer borders and displaced toward the median line. 
Vo part of any of these muscles should be removed or cut except as 
directed. 
The serratus anterior and levator scapulze should be transected 
and reflected to get at their origin and insertion. 
B. Afuscles of the Arm (p. 156).—The arm is thus removed from 
the body and the dissection may be continued on the separated arm. 
13. The clavobrachial (Fig. 65, 4, and p. 157). Its origin is best 
seen later. Dissect it up, but do not transect it. 
Search now with great care for the coracobrachialis, Consult the 
figures (Fig. 79, c) and descriptions (p. 164), and be especially care- 
ful not to injure the long head of the muscle and its tendon. 
14. Dissect the coracobrachialis (Fig. 77, 7). Cut and reflect it. 
15. The subscapularis (Fig. 77, 2, and p. 161). Near its glenoid 
end, its glenoid and coracoid borders are separated by triangular 
intervals from the adjacent muscles. Transect the muscle by a line 
connecting the apices of these triangles. Carry an incision from the 
