CONTENTS. 



Page. 



Introduction 5 



Cardinal 5 



Distribution and habits 5 



Economic relations 6 



Vegetable food 7 



Animal food i 13 



Mineral matter 23 



Nestlings ^ 23 



Summary ^ 24 



List of seeds, fruits, and invertebrates eaten 25 



Gray grosbealt l 28 



Appearance, distribution, and habits 28 



Economic relations 1 28 



Vegetable food 28 



Animal food 29 



Mineral mairter 31 



Summary 31 



List of seeds and invertebrates eaten 32 



Rose-breasted grosbeak 33 



Appearance, distribution, and habits 33 



Economic relations —1 34 



Vegetable food 34 



Animal food 42 



Mineral matter 55 



Nestlings 55 



Summary 57 



List of seeds, fruits, other vegetable substances, and invertebrates 



eaten 58 



Black-headed grosbeak 60 



Appearance, distribution, and habits^ 60 



Economic relations 60 



Vegetable food _. 61 



Animal food 68 



Mineral matter 74 



Tfestlings 74 



Summary 75 



List of seeds, fruits, and invertebrates eaten 76 



Blue grosbeak 78 



Appearance, distribution, and habits 78 



Economic relations ' , 78 



Vegetable food 79 



Animal food 81 



Mineral matter 83 



Young 1 84 



Summary i 84 



List of seeds, fruits, and invertebrates eaten 85 



Relations of grosbeaks and other birds to parasitic insects .86 



General conclusion 89 



3 



