364 



ZOOLOGY. 



hatching, feed upon the- living but paralyzed grasshoppers, 

 the store of living food not being exhausted until the larval 



wasp is ready to stop eating 

 and finish its transformations. 

 The genuine paper-making 

 wasps are numerous in species; 

 here the workers are winged, 

 and only differ from the 

 females or queens in being 

 rather smaller and with unde- 

 veloped ovaries. The series of 

 genera from Odynerus, which 

 builds, cells of mud, and in 

 'which there are no workers, 

 up to those which have work- 

 ers and build paper cells, such 

 as Polistes, is quite continu- 

 ous. The genuine paper- 

 making wasps, such as Vespa, 

 build several tiers of cells, ar- 

 ranged moiTth downward, and 

 enveloped by a wall of several 

 thicknesses of paper. In the 

 VespcB, the females found the 

 colony, and raise a brood of 

 workers, which early in the 

 summer assist the queen in 

 completing the nest. 



The bees also present a 

 gradiial series from those 

 which are solitary, living in 

 holes in the earth, like the 

 ants (Fig. 365, nest of An- 

 drena vicina Smith), and form- 

 « pojien ing silk-lined earthen coooons, 



/, pollen o . ' 



mass freshly deposited by the bee.— to those which are SOCial, With 



winged workers, slightly dif- 

 fering from the queens. The queen humble-bee hybernates, 

 and in .the spring founds her colony by laying up pellets of 



Fig. 365.— Nest of Andrena. g, level 

 of ground ; a, first-made cell, con- 

 tainmg a pupa ; b, I, lavvse , . . 

 mass with an egg laid on it;/, pollen 

 "ily deposited by the bee.— 

 Emerton del. 



