Country of the Copper Eskimos 17 



About eight miles east of Niilahugyuk creek there is another named 

 Kogluktuaryuk, Here too the salmon migrate in large numbers, and bearded 

 seals haunt the adjacent waters. North of Cape Lambert, whose dolomite 

 cUffs rise to a height of eighty feet, are the Lambert islands, a favourite sealing- 

 ground of some of the local Eskimos in early spring. Lakes and ponds are very 

 numerous in the country behind this cape. One of the largest is Lake Kogluk- 

 tuaryuk, the source of the creek of the same name; its diameter is about a mile 

 and a half, and it hes a few miles south-west of Cape Lambert. The Eskimos 

 often come here to fish; in the spring of 1916 we saw the remains of a camp on 

 the shore of the lake and three of their caches on the coast just north of it. 

 Willow is scarce here, but heather abundant, so that the natives had no lack of 

 fuel; besides heather they seemed to have used also a few sticks of driftwood 

 which they had carried in from the coast. 



In the_ same spring a band of natives was fishing on another fair-sized creek 

 that fiows into Paisley cove. It is called Noahognik, and, Uke the others, issues 

 from one of the many lakes two or three miles inland. Cape Krusenstem is 

 Nuvuk, the "Point", and Mount Barrow, in the peninsula behind it, Uvaiyu. 

 The low narrow isthmus just north of Mount Barrow is a favourite portage of 

 the Eskimos, as it enables them to avoid the longer route and the rough ice that 

 always gathers round Cape Krusenstem. Another longer portage is often made 

 here, especially by natives coming from the south; they begin from the bay 

 just west of Locker point (Tikirak), on the left side of the high bluff Kikigarnak, 

 which lies directly behind the point; then, crossing a chain of small lakes and 

 skirting a low hill named Imneligaryuk, they issue into the deep bay between 

 Cape Krusenstem and Paisley cove. The small bay at the east end of the 

 shorter portage is a well-known place for tom-cod, and the coast in the vicinity 

 is an excellent hunting-ground for both the rough seal (Phoca hispida) and the 

 bearded seal {Erignathus barbatus), which are the mainstay of the Eskimos 

 diu-ing the winter. 



One of the regular routes which the caribou take in their spring migration 

 to Victoria island is across the neck of the Krusenstem peninsula. Eskimo 

 encampments have therefore left their remains on all the highest points in the 

 neighbourhood. On the summit of the hill Kikigarnak, behind Locker point, . 

 there is a peculiar stone hut which may have been an observation post over the 

 surrounding country. The country to the south and east of here has been 

 described for me by our two topographers, Messrs J. R. Cox and K. G. Chipman, 

 who made a survey of the coast and a part of the hinterland. Mr. Cox begins 

 his account thus: — 



"Travelling south from the abrupt limestone cliffs of Cape Krusenstem, 

 one reaches in three or four miles a country for the most part grass-covered and 

 far more pleasant to the eye than the desolate coast of Dolphin and Union strait. 

 From the high land back of Cape Lockyer [Locker point] one may look inland 

 for many miles over a vast grass-land broken only by a ridge of low cUffs that 

 extends from the first bay to the north of Basil Hall bay to Cape Lambert. 

 The same type of country continues to Basil Hall bay, a narrow inlet with shores 

 from fifty to two hundred feet high, which extends in a north-westerly direction 

 for about ten miles from the coast. The low grassy hills at the foot of the inlet 

 are said by the Eskimo to be one of the best places to get deer in the summertime. 

 The south shore of Basil Hall bay runs out to form the low shingly promontory 

 of Cape Heame. About three miles back from the point there is a fine set of 

 cliffs rising to a height of 205 feet.^ 



•No name was obtained for Cape Hearne itself, but the cliffs behind it had apparently two names, 

 Imik and Ulugvik. The bight between Basil Hall bay and Cape Kendall is called Ituksiorvik. 



23335—2 



