246 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 



in obtaining an extensive and interesting collection. The floors of these houses 

 were three to four feet below the level of the surroundings. Many men might 

 have tramped over them without suspecting it. In fact it was only after a 

 very careful examination of the surface that we were able to locate the site of 

 the house. I also located the site of two houses on Dead Man island [Inyuer- 

 nerit, Duke of York archipelago]. They were very old. 



"I have also the knowledge of the site of the large village on the Mackenzie 

 river, Victoria island. Mr. Anderson in the summer of 1919 located two houses 

 on one of the Jameson islands. We also saw some excavation on three houses 

 done twenty or thirty miles east of Tree river close to Hepburn island." 



It would seem from Captain Bernard's account that there is only one tribe 

 of Eskimos inhabiting southeast Victoria island, a tribe that he calls Kililarmut, 

 or, in one instance, Kililermiut. This may possibly be a mis-rendering of the 

 word KigUnirmiut, a term that is often applied to all the inhabitants of Victoria 

 island by the Bathurst inlet Eskimos, and by the Netsilingmiut and Ugyuling- 

 miut to natives coming from the direction of Coronation gulf'. The Eskimos 

 whom Lieutenant Hansen met near Taylor island called themselves, as he 

 understood, Kilnermiun, which is another rendering of the same word. 



On the other hand both Mr. Stefansson and myself heard of the Ekaluk- 

 tomiut, a tribe that seals in winter on the ice of Dease strait, and in summer 

 hunts inland on Victoria island and communicates with the Kanghiryuak 

 natives, from Prince Albert sound. Moreover, an Anglican missionary, the 

 Rev. E. Hester, visited a village of the Ekaluktomiut in Dease strait in the 

 winter of 1918. Now the Ekaluktok river flows, not into Albert Edward bay, 

 as Mr. Stefansson supposed, but into Wellington bay. There can be little 

 doubt therefore of there being two groups in Dease strait, though in winter 

 they sometimes, perhaps usually, fuse into one. The first group is the Ekaluk- 

 tomiut, who gather in spring and fall at the head of Wellington bay, and hunt 

 in summer around the head-waters of the Ekaluktok river, in which neighbour- 

 hood they meet the Eskimos who have come inland from Prince Albert sound. 

 The other group, the Kililarmiut (or Kiglinirmiut?), gathers in spring and fall 

 at Cambridge bay, where they were encountered both by Captain Bernard 

 and by his predecessor nearly seventy years before. Captain Collinson. The 

 hunting grounds of this second group lie between Cambridge bay and Albert 

 Edward bay (probably there is an easy sled route between the two places), 

 and extends no farther north than about 70° N. latitude. In winter the two 

 groups would unite in the vicinity of the Finlayson islands^ or in Wellington bay, 

 and work westward in the direction of Coronation gulf to meet the Bathurst 

 inlet people. The united band would then be called indifferently either Eka- 

 luktomiut or Kililarmiut (Kiglinirmiut). Late in the winter a party sometimes 

 travels eastward towards Lind and Taylor islands to hunt the polar bears, 

 but as a rule this part of the coast is little frequented. Rae, it will be remembered, 

 found no indications of Eskimos having recently visited the several points he 

 touched at between Cambridge bay and Pelly point.' 



The inhospitable character of the region of Queen Maud's sea, and the 

 discovery that the Ekaluktok river flows, not into Albert Edward bay, but 

 into Wellington bay, throws a new light on Mr. Stefansson's trade route from 

 Prince Albert sound to the Akilinnik river. We know that the Kanghiryuak 

 natives go inland from Prince Albert sound about the beginning of June, and 

 that the Ekaluktok natives must also be taking to the land at the same time. 

 The Kanghiryuak natives whom I met in 1915 said that the two groups meet 

 in the interior of the island near the head of a river, which must either be the 

 Kagloryuak or some similar river flowing into Prince Albert sound, or else the 



iSchwatka, Science, Vol. IV, 1884, p. 543. 



'Collinson, p. 284. 



youin. Royal Geogr. Soc, Vol. 22, 1852, p. 



