Eskimo Osteology 13c 



XIV D-5 



The mandible, probably, of an adult male. The condyles had been gnawed 

 away by animals. The right inferior dental foramen is double, the lower of the 

 two openings being in the normal position. This is the first time the writer has 

 met with this condition, which must be excessively rare. The genial tubercles 

 are very pronounced. The faint groove for the lingual nerve, so rarely men- 

 tioned in books, which is produced on the inner aspect of the bone immediately 

 below the alveolus of the third molar tooth, is present on both sides. The angle 

 of the mandible is obtuse — 123°. 



The three left molars, the first premolar, and first and second molars are 

 still present and are much worn. The remaining teeth had all been in existence 

 as their alveoli are all present and in perfect condition. 



MEASUREMENTS 



(1) Intergonial width — 115 • 5 mm. 



(2) Vertical distance from the ridge between the alveoli of the central incisor teeth to the 



lower border of the symphysis — 42 mm. 



(3) Vertical distance from the inner edge of the alveolus of the third molar tooth to the 



lower border of the jaw on each side — 32 mm. 



(4) Index of height of the molar region of the mandible — • 



32X100 



=761 



42 



(5) Thickness of mandible measured from the inner border of the alveolus of the third 



molar tooth to the point where the anterior border of the ramus joins the body — 

 Left side, 17-5 mm.; right side, 15 mm. ' 



(6) Height of each ramus measured from the bottom of the sigmoid notch — 51-5 mm. 



(7) Width of the rami measured at right angles to their borders — Right, 39 mm.; left, 



42 mm. 



(8) Index of width of each ramus — ' 



39X100 



Right 75-7 



51-5 



42X100 



Left = 81-5 



51-5 



XIV D-6 



The shaft of a right femur much bleached and weathered owing to pro- 

 longed exposure on the surface of the ground. The two ends have evidently 

 been gnawed away by wild animals. From its slimness and the faintness of its 

 muscular marking it had evidently been that of a female or a young subject. 

 Index of platymeria — 81-2. 



XIV D-7 



This group of btones represents the remains of one adult male skeleton. 



All the cervical vertebrae are present, except the first. 



There are eleven dorsal and three lumbar vertebrae. 



The sacrum is present and like all the remaining bones is in excellent con- 

 dition. From its narrowness and its index, the skeleton was enabled to be 

 diagnosed as that of a male. 



The manubrium and the gladiolus of the sternum are separate from one 

 another so that the individual was probably under middle life. 



There are twenty-one ribs. 



Both clavicles and all the bones of both upper arms and forearms are present 

 and suggest an individual who must have displayed a robust degree of muscular 

 development. 



