22c Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 



XIV F-13 



This collection represents the remains of the skeletons of four individuals; 

 an adult male, an adult female, a child under the age of puberty, and a young 

 person under the age of twenty. The atlas, axis and one typical cervical vertebra 

 of an adult. 



There are twenty-four dorsal vertebrae of two very distinctive sizes. 



Eight lumbar vertebrae are present, but very much damaged. 



There are the remains of three sacra; one slightly damaged at its lower end 

 that is probably male, with a sacral index of approximately 105-9, and one, 

 greatly damaged, that is much smaller but with its ossification complete and 

 therefore possibly belonging to an adult female. In addition there are the first, 

 second and third sacral vertebrae of an adolescent below the age of twenty. 



The gladiolus and part of the manubrium of a very small adult sternum 

 (female?). 



Twenty-eight ribs, belonging to at least two distinct individuals are present. 



There are right and left clavicles from one individual. In addition there is 

 a very small and slender adult clavicle of the right side. 



There are three scapulae (two right and one left), each representing a dis- 

 tinct individual. A large scapula with pronounced muscular markings; a much 

 smaller scapula, evidently belonging to the female skeleton. 



Fragment of the shaft of an adult humerus of the left side; a small adult 

 humerus, and two humeri with the ossification of the lower ends complete, and 

 the upper epiphyses still separated, thus probably between 17 and 20. Also 

 the diaphysis of a right humerus, probably belonging to a child below the age of 

 puberty, and a still smaller scapula with the epiphyses for the acromion, the 

 vertebral border and the inferior angle missing. The latter specimen, no doubt, 

 represents part of the skeleton of the young child. 



The shaft of an adult right ulna. 



The much decayed diaphysis of a right ulna, being part of the child's 

 skeleton. 



A much damaged right innominate bone, probably belonging to the skeleton 

 of the adult male. 



Right and left adult innominate bones also considerably damaged and much 

 smaller than the preceding. They belong to one skeleton (probably that of the 

 female). 



The left patella. 



Two large adult femurs (right and left), one smaller adult femur, one femur 

 with the lower epiphysis missing (therefore under 20 years of age). 



Two adult tibiae (right and left) which articulate with the two femiu-s and 

 the two fibulae. Their upper ends show no retroversion. Two smaller tibiae 

 (right and left) belonging to one skeleton, and exhibiting slight retroversion. 



The heads and the greater portions of the shafts of right and left fibulae, 

 evidently belonging to one adult skeleton. A left astragalus and a left scaphoid. 



XIV F-14a 



The ethmoid of a young individual in a remarkably good state of preserva- 

 tion. It may have belonged to the juvenile bones in group XIV F-13. 



XIV F-146 



The greater part of a vomer with fragments of the sphenoid and vertical 

 plate of the ethmoid adherent to it. It evidently belonged to an adult, judging 

 from the degree of synostosis. 



