50c 



Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 

 The Naso-Orbito-Alveolar Index 



The writer applied his recently devised naso-orbito-alveolar craniometric 

 methodO to these skulls, and at the same time compared the results with those 

 found in three other types of crania, as exhibited in Plate 1, where it may be noted 

 that in the European, Eskimo and North American Indian types the height of 

 each of the uppermost rectangles is greater than that of the two lower ones, which 

 are approximately equal in height. These three crania thus conform to the 

 writer's Eurasiatic type. In the Melanesian skull, on the other hand, the upper 

 two rectangles are nearly equal in height, and are, moreover, approximately 

 squares, while the lowest rectangle is excessively reduced in height owing to the 

 extreme degree of prognathism of this cranium, which thus conformed to the 

 writer's Negro type of naso-orbito-alveolar index. Moreover, the height of the 

 upper horizontal dotted areas of the European, Eskimo and North American 

 Indian crania is greater than those of the lower two, which are approximately 

 equal in height. In the Negro type of skull, on the other hand, the two upper 

 horizontal areas of the facial skeleton are seen to be approximately equal in 

 height, while the vertical dimension of the lowest area is extremely reduced. The 

 results of the measurements of the various rectangles concerned in this index are 

 given in the subjoined table. 



In the following table there are four columns. The one to the left shows the 

 relation of the width to the height of the whole rectangle (see Plates 6 and 7, 

 Cat. No.'s XIV, H 4 and XIV, H 5). The other three columns give the corres- 

 ponding results for the upper, middle and lower rectangles. 



It will be observed that the results are slightly different in the two sexes, the 

 average indices for all four columns being consistently higher in the female. It 

 will be interesting to find if these results are upheld in a larger series of crania. 



