60 NATURE STUDY AND AGRICULTURE 
Type 3. In the shrubs the stem usually branches below 
the surface or just above it in such a manner that no main 
VIRGINIA CREEPER 
stem is distinguishable, and the foliage extends almost or 
quite down to the ground. Examples: lilac, honeysuckle, 
spirea, buckthorn, etc. 
Type 4. In vines the stem is very long and slender, and 
usually has several branches. It may climb by winding 
itself around its support, as the morning glory 
Ym | does; or by clinging to its support by means 
aN AS of tendrils, as the Virginia creeper and sweet 
pea do. Or the vine may be content to lie 
prostrate upon the ground, as we see in case 
| of the pumpkin, squash, 
melon, and cucumber. 
\ Type 5. Indian corn, the 
t small grains, and the grasses 
have very slender, un- 
branched stems, with solid 
joints at intervals to strengthen them. Sg 
Type 6. Beets and carrots are examples [#7 : 
of plants that are apparently stemless. But | 
leaves will not spring directly from the root, 
and if the top of the beet is cut away the 
rest will refuse to grow. We therefore regard these tops from 
which the leaves spring as short stems. 
BRoME GRASS 
CARROT 
