CHAPTER XXIXx 
BIRDS OF THE NORTHERN STATES 
This chapter is intended to give the student a clear idea of 
the different classes of birds and to help him get acquainted 
with some of the commonest species found in his vicinity. 
Those most apt to be found in ordinary localities are briefly 
described, and others are listed so as to make a fairly complete 
catalog for the northern states. It includes every bird that 
has been observed in North Dakota. 
The student will, of course, meet many that are omitted 
from the descriptions and from the key, but the beginner 
cannot identify every bird seen even though he have a com- 
plete bird manual. It would be well, however, to have one 
or two such manuals in the school library to use for reference 
whenever desired. In using such manuals our catalog will 
be found very helpful, for it tells the student what birds he 
may expect to find in our region. 
The Key includes only the land birds that we describe and 
is, therefore, quite incomplete. Its simplicity and brevity, 
however, will be appreciated by all who have but limited 
acquaintance with the.subject and that is the class of people. 
for whom it is especially designed. 
The Numbers preceding the names are the standard check 
list numbers, usually found in larger bird books. They 
will be useful in referring to such books for further de- 
scriptions. 
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