BIRDS OF THE NORTHERN STATES ° 303 
402 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. Length 84 inches. 
This is the small woodpecker that makes rings of holes around the 
trunks of small trees. He does this to secure the sap and the flies and 
bugs which it attracts, but he sometimes drills 
so many holes that it injures the tree. Back 
irregularly barred with black and white; red 
crown and throat; breast black; rest of lower 
parts pale yellow. Female has white throat 
instead of red. S.R. 
405 Red-headed Woodpecker. Length 92 
inches. 
One of our most conspicuous birds. Head, 
neck, and breast red; back and wings black; 
white patches on the wings; white on rump and ReEp-HEADED Woop- 
other parts. Common S.R. PECKER 
412a Northern Flicker. Yellow Hammer. High-hole. Length 13 
inches. 
Our commonest woodpecker, and wherever he occurs his shrill cry is 
a very familiar note in early spring. Often feeds on the ground, digging 
for insects with his bill if that is 
| necessary to get them. Brownish 
gray above barred with black; red 
band on the nape; black crescent on 
breast. In flight he shows a white 
rump, and yellow under wings and 
tail. Rest of under parts white, 
thickly spotted with black. 
4oo Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker. 
Occasional W.V. 
408 Lewis Woodpecker. Rare S.R. 
NorTHERN FLICKER Whip-poor-will and Nighthawk 
Family. — Nighthawks and Whip- 
poor-wills have a small bill, and the mouth opens very wide, a great 
convenience in catching insects on the wing. Their wings are long and 
pointed and they fly with great ease; but their feet are small and weak 
so that they sit lengthwise upon their perch. 
